Prognostic implications of FGFR1 and MYC status in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Variables		n (%)
Age (yr)	≤ 60	46 (25.6)
	> 60	134 (74.4)
Sex	Male	169 (93.9)
	Female	11 (6.1)
Smoking	No	28 (15.6)
	Yes	151 (84.4)
Histological grade	WD	35 (19.4)
	MD	119 (66.1)
	PD and basaloid	26 (14.4)
Localization	Upper	7 (3.9)
	Middle	44 (24.9)
	Lower	116 (65.5)
	EGJ	10 (5.6)
T	1a	16 (8.9)
	1b	65 (36.1)
	2	17 (9.4)
	3	78 (43.3)
	4	4 (2.2)
N	0	92 (51.1)
	1	52 (28.9)
	2	29 (16.1)
	3	7 (3.9)
Stage	IA	14 (7.8)
	IB	49 (27.2)
	IIA	21 (11.7)
	IIB	32 (17.8)
	IIIA	37 (20.6)
	IIIB	19 (10.6)
	IIIC	8 (4.4)
Adjuvant therapy	No	112 (67.8)
	Yes	58 (32.2)
FGFR1 amplification	No amplification	136 (78.6)
	Low amplification	3 (1.7)
	High amplification	34 (19.7)
MYC amplification	No amplification	77 (45.9)
	Low amplification	20 (11.9)
	High amplification	71 (42.3)
MYC expression	0 (none)	74 (41.1)
	1 (weak)	54 (30.0)
	2 (moderate)	41 (22.8)
	3 (strong)	11 (6.1)

FGFR1: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1; WD: Well differentiated; MD: Moderately differentiated; PD: Poorly differentiated; EGJ: Esophagogastric junction.

Table 2 Correlation among fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 amplification, MYC expression and clinicopathological features¹

Variables	FGFR1, n (%)			MYC, n (%)
	No amplification	Amplification	P value	No expression	Expression	P value
Age (yr)
≤ 60	30/44 (68.2)	14/44 (31.8)	0.058	18/46 (39.1)	28/46 (60.9)	0.862
> 60	106/129 (82.2)	23/129 (17.8)		56/134 (41.8)	78/134 (58.2)
Smoking
No	21/28 (75)	7/28 (25)	0.619	12/28 (42.9)	6/28 (57.1)	0.836
Yes	115/145 (79.3)	30/145 (20.7)		61/151 (40.4)	90/151 (59.6)
Histological grade
WD	29/34 (85.3)	5/34 (14.7)	0.350	17/35 (48.6)	18/35 (51.4)	0.267
MD	90/117 (76.9)	27/117 (23.1)		43/119 (36.1)	76/119 (63.9)
PD	11/16 (68.8)	5/16 (31.2)		10/18 (55.6)	8/18 (44.4)
Others	6/6 (100)	0/6 (0)		4/8 (50)	4/8 (50)
Localization
Upper	6/7 (85.7)	1/7 (14.3)	0.981	4/7 (57.1)	3/7 (42.9)	0.688
Middle	34/42 (81)	8/42 (19)		20/44 (45.5)	24/44 (54.5)
Lower	86/111 (77.5)	25/111 (22.5)		45/116 (38.8)	71/116 (61.2)
EGJ	8/10 (80)	2/10 (20)		4/10 (40)	6/10 (60)
T
1	66/80 (82.5)	14/80 (17.5)	0.602	22/81 (27.2)	59/81 (72.8)	< 0.001
2	12/16 (75)	4/16 (25)		6/17 (35.3)	11/17 (64.7)
3	55/73 (75.3)	18/73 (24.7)		43/78 (55.1)	35/78 (44.9)
4	3/4 (75)	1/4 (25)		3/4 (75)	1/4 (24)
N
0	73/90 (81.1)	17/90 (18.9)	0.460	30/92 (32.6)	62/92 (67.4)	0.023
1-3	63/83 (75.9)	20/83 (24.1)		44/88 (50)	44/88 (50)
Stage
I	51/62 (82.3)	11/62 (17.7)	0.694	18/63 (28.6)	45/64 (71.4)	< 0.001
II	40/52 (76.9)	12/52 (23.1)		17/53 (32.1)	36/53 (67.9)
III	45/59 (76.3)	14/59 (23.7)		39/64 (60.9)	25/64 (39.1)

¹Differences in the proportions of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) amplification and MYC expression according to the clinicopathological variables were compared using Fisher’s exact test. WD: Well differentiated; MD: Moderately differentiated; PD: Poorly differentiated; EGJ: Esophagogastric junction.

Table 3 Correlation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 and MYC amplification status between the tumors of the primary and the metastatic lymph nodes, n (%)

		Metastatic lymph nodes		Total	P value
		No amplification	Amplification
FGFR1 Primary tumor	No amplification	42 (91.3)	3 (6.7)	45 (100)	< 0.001
	Amplification	4 (36.4)	7 (63.6)	11 (100)
	Total	46 (82.1)	10 (17.9)	56 (100)
MYC Primary tumor	No amplification	17 (63.0)	10 (37.0)	27 (100)	1.000
	Amplification	12 (60.0)	8 (40.0)	20 (100)
	Total	29 (61.7)	18 (38.3)	47 (100)

FGFR1: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1.

Table 4 Multivariate analysis for overall survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Variables	Category	Whole cohort		No adjuvant chemo- and/or radiotherapy		Adjuvant chemo- and/or radiotherapy
		HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age (yr)	≤ 60 vs > 60	1.805 (1.102-2.955)	0.019	2.371 (1.088- 5.167)	0.030	1.81 (0.896-3.656)	0.098
T	1, 2, 3, 4	-	0.005	-	0.091	-	0.009
	1 vs 2	1.204 (0.523-2.773)	0.663	1.589 (0.591-4.269)	0.358	1.260 (0.251-6.324)	0.779
	1 vs 3	2.373 (1.454-3.872)	0.001	2.115 (1.126-3.973)	0.020	4.136 (1.691-10.119)	0.002
	1 vs 4	1.902 (0.550-6.575)	0.310	0.632 (0.078-5.130)	0.667	4.256 (0.820-22.092)	0.085
N	0 vs 1-3	1.981 (1.275-3.077)	0.002	2.351 (1.338-4.133)	0.003	0.319 (0.125-0.814)	0.017
FGFR1 amplification	None vs Amplification	0.532 (0.302-0.937)	0.029	0.301 (0.117-0.774)	0.013	0.830 (0.386-1.783)	0.633
MYC expression	None vs Expression	0.993 (0.636-1.550)	0.975	0.873 (0.478-1.595)	0.659	1.566 (0.811-3.024)	0.181