Effects of ω-3 fatty acids on toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κB p56 in lungs of rats with severe acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Serum amylase levels in the different groups

Group	Time	Cases	Mean ± SE (IU/L)
Control		8	1316.34 ± 115.21
SAP-saline	12 h	8	4637.11 ± 621.57a
	24 h	8	4352.54 ± 436.41d
SAP-soybean oil	12 h	8	4978.25 ± 918.48b
	24 h	8	4245.89 ± 646.27e
SAP-ω-3FA	12 h	8	4638.63 ± 586.14c
	24 h	8	4163.47 ± 653.64f

^aP < 0.05;

^dP < 0.05;

^bP < 0.01;

^eP < 0.05;

^cP < 0.05;

^fP < 0.05 vs control group. SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; ω-3FA: ω-3 fatty acids.

Table 2 Changes in tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 in the lungs of the groups at each time point (pg/mL, mean ± SE, n = 8)

	Control	SAP-saline	SAP-soybean oil	SAP-ω-3FA
TNF-α (12 h)	24.18 ± 1.05	43.24 ± 4.26a	46.17 ± 13.63ad	33.42 ± 6.37abc
IL-6 (12 h)	625.11 ± 124.1	826.31 ± 76.34a	827 ± 44.36ad	739.67 ± 65.23abc
TNF-α (24 h)	24.22 ± 1.03	38.67 ± 4.87a	42.45 ± 11.14ad	30.37 ± 10.23abc
IL-6 (24 h)	623.21 ± 124.3	909.54 ± 26.23a	925.18 ± 34.52ad	801.27 ± 51.29abc

^aP < 0.05 vs control group at the same time point;

^dP > 0.05,

^bP < 0.05 vs SAP-saline group;

^cP < 0.05 vs SAP-soybean oil group. SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; ω-3FA: ω-3 fatty acids.

Table 3 Lung histopathology score in each group of rats (mean ± SE, n = 8)

Group	Pulmonary interstitial edema	Exudation of inflammatory cells	Alveolar bleeding	Alveolar edema
Control	0.32 ± 0.06	0.21 ± 0.01	1.14 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02
SAP-saline
12 h	1.24 ± 0.11a	1.37 ± 0.14a	0.87 ± 0.09a	1.13 ± 0.08a
24 h	2.53 ± 0.21a	2.67 ± 0.26a	1.12 ± 0.12a	2.14 ± 0.11a
SAP-soybean oil
12 h	1.24 ± 0.21ad	1.35 ± 0.24ad	0.90 ± 0.25ad	1.14 ± 0.12ad
24 h	2.15 ± 0.28abc	2.38 ± 0.30abc	0.85 ± 0.15abc	1.95 ± 0.21abc
SAP-ω-3FA
12 h	0.94 ± 0.16abc	1.12 ± 0.15abc	0.72 ± 0.38abc	0.94 ± 0.36abc
24 h	2.15 ± 0.28abc	2.38 ± 0.30abc	0.85 ± 0.15abc	1.95 ± 0.21abc

^aP < 0.05 vs the control group;

^dP > 0.05,

^bP < 0.05 vs SAP-saline group at the same time point;

^cP < 0.05 vs SAP-soybean oil group at the same time point. SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; ω-3FA: ω-3 fatty acids.

Table 4 Densitometrically quantified toll-like receptor 4 and nuclear factor-κB p56 bands in the lungs of each group of rats, optical density (mean ± SE)

Group	Time	Cases	TLR4	NF-κBp56
Control		8	2.3 ± 0.3	2.5 ± 0.2
SAP-saline	12 h	8	3.9 ± 0.4a	4.0 ± 0.3a
	24 h	8	4.0 ± 0.2a	4.1 ± 0.4a
SAP-soybean oil	12 h	8	3.8 ± 0.3ad	3.9 ± 0.3ad
	24 h	8	3.9 ± 0.4ad	3.8 ± 0.2ad
SAP-ω-3FA	12 h	8	2.7 ± 0.3abc	3.0 ± 0.2abc
	24 h	8	3.1 ± 0.4abc	2.9 ± 0.4abc

^aP < 0.05 vs the control group;

^dP > 0.05,

^bP < 0.05 vs SAP-saline group at the same time point;

^cP < 0.05 vs SAP-soybean oil group at the same time point. NF-κBp56: Nuclear factor-κB p56; SAP: Severe acute pancreatitis; TLR4: Toll-like receptor 4; ω-3FA: ω-3 fatty acids.