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©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 14, 2016; 22(42): 9427-9436
Published online Nov 14, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i42.9427
Published online Nov 14, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i42.9427
Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 174 patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Variable | Total (n = 174) | Chronic hepatitis (n = 83) | Liver cirrhosis (n = 47) | HCC (n = 44) |
Mean age, yrbc | 66.5 ± 9.9 | 65.6 ± 9.8 | 65.3 ± 10.1 | 69.7 ± 9.3 |
Male sex | 105 (60.3) | 54 (65.1) | 24 (51.1) | 27 (61.4) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.3 ± 3.0 | 23.6 ± 3.0 | 23.0 ± 3.2 | 23.0 ± 2.8 |
Ex or current smoker (n = 173) | 51 (29.5) | 26 (31.3) | 10 (21.7) | 15 (34.1) |
Alcohol intake (social or heavy) (n = 173) | 80 (46.2) | 42 (50.6) | 17 (37.0) | 21 (47.8) |
Anti-HBc (n = 100) | 75 (75.0) | 35 (71.4) | 18 (85.7) | 22 (73.3) |
Hemoglobin (g/dL)c | 13.5 ± 1.8 | 14.1 ± 1.5 | 13.5 ± 1.9 | 12.4 ± 1.9 |
Platelet (× 103/μL)ab | 151.3 ± 87.4 | 188.0 ± 55.7 | 117.5 ± 120.2 | 118.3 ± 66.2 |
Albumin (g/dL)ab | 4.0 ± 0.5 | 4.2 ± 0.2 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.7 ± 0.5 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)a | 1.0 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 1.7 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.8 |
ALP (IU/L)ab | 100.3 ± 47.3 | 89.2 ± 30.9 | 102.0 ± 37.0 | 119.3 ± 71.4 |
AST (IU/L)ab | 75.8 ± 103.3 | 76.0 ± 141.9 | 72.6 ± 47.8 | 78.8 ± 45.3 |
ALT (IU/L) | 77.2 ± 138.5 | 89.7 ± 193.2 | 68.0 ± 59.3 | 63.3 ± 41.0 |
Creatinine (mg/dL)a | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 |
Prothrombin time (INR)ab | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 |
AFP > 20 ng/mL (n = 171)ab | 30 (17.5) | 5 (6.2) | 9 (19.6) | 16 (36.4) |
Child-Pugh class (A/B/C)ab | ||||
A | 160 (92.0) | 83 (100) | 40 (85.1) | 37 (84.1) |
B | 12 (6.9) | 0 | 5 (10.6) | 7 (15.9) |
C | 2 (1.1) | 0 | 2 (4.3) | 0 |
MELD score (n = 167)ab | 8.5 ± 2.3 | 8.0 ± 2.3 | 9.3 ± 2.2 | 8.9 ± 2.1 |
HCV genotype (1/2) (n = 135) | 60/75 | 32/35 | 16/26 | 12/14 (46.2%/53.8%) |
(44.4%/55.6%) | (47.8%/52.2%) | (38.1%/61.9%) | ||
Antiviral treatment | ||||
No antiviral treatment | 102 (58.7) | 45 (54.2) | 25 (53.2) | 32 (72.7) |
Treatment without SVR | 34 (19.5) | 14 (16.9) | 11 (23.4) | 9 (20.5) |
Treatment with SVRbc | 38 (21.8) | 24 (28.9) | 11 (23.4) | 3 (6.8) |
Table 2 Comparison of clinical factors between patients with and without occult hepatitis B virus infection
Variable | OBI (+) (n = 32) | OBI (-) (n = 142) | P value |
Mean age, yr | 67.1 ± 9.6 | 66.4 ± 9.9 | 0.952 |
Male sex | 19 (59.4) | 86 (60.6) | 0.527 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.9 ± 3.2 | 23.2 ± 3.0 | 0.180 |
Anti-HBc (n = 100) | 6 (66.7) | 69 (75.8) | 0.399 |
Anti-HBs (n = 157) | 14 (48.3) | 72 (56.3) | 0.283 |
Hemoglobin (g/mL) | 13.3 ± 1.3 | 13.5 ± 1.9 | 0.364 |
Platelet (× 103/mL) | 150.5 ± 79.5 | 151.5 ± 89.3 | 0.978 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 4.0 ± 0.4 | 0.593 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 0.5 | 0.118 |
AST (IU/L) | 62.7 ± 40.3 | 78.8 ± 112.6 | 0.546 |
ALT (IU/L) | 54.7 ± 43.5 | 82.2 ± 151.6 | 0.148 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.4 | 0.779 |
PT-INR | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 0.459 |
MELD score | 8.3 ± 1.9 | 8.6 ± 2.4 | 0.744 |
HCV genotype (1/2) | 12/15 (44.4%/55.6%) | 48/60 (44.4%/55.6%) | 0.587 |
AFP > 20 ng/mL | 6 (19.4) | 23 (16.5) | 0.441 |
Child-Pugh class | 0.436 | ||
A | 28 (87.5) | 132 (93.0) | |
B | 4 (12.5) | 8 (5.6) | |
C | 0 | 2 (1.3) | |
Antiviral treatment | |||
No antiviral treatment | 21 (65.6) | 81 (57.0) | 0.430 |
Treatment without SVR | 5 (19.2) | 29 (26.4) | 0.616 |
Treatment with SVR | 6 (18.8) | 32 (22.5) | 0.814 |
Disease progression | 7 (21.9) | 45 (31.7) | 0.392 |
Development of HCC | 3 (11.5) | 11 (10.6) | 1.000 |
Follow-up period (mo) | 42.5 ± 34.7 | 36.3 ± 26.9 | 0.555 |
Table 3 Clinical factors associated with disease progression, defined as development of liver cirrhosis, decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma, or mortality (n = 174)
Variable | HR | P value | Adjusted HR | P value |
OBI | 0.494 (0.210-1.164) | 0.107 | 0.510 (0.208-1.251) | 0.141 |
Age (per year) | 1.020 (0.990-1.050) | 0.194 | ||
Male sex | 0.935 (0.534-1.636) | 0.814 | ||
Anti-HBc positivity | 2.291 (0.878-5.976) | 0.090 | ||
AST > 40 IU/L | 3.730 (1.740-7.996) | 0.001 | 3.419 (1.117-10.463) | 0.031 |
ALT > 40 IU/L | 2.454 (1.273-4.730) | 0.007 | 0.737 (0.297-1.826) | 0.510 |
GGT > 70 IU/L | 2.736 (1.571-4.765) | < 0.001 | ||
AFP > 20 ng/mL | 2.247 (1.238-4.079) | 0.008 | 1.370 (0.721-2.600) | 0.336 |
Child-Pugh score | 2.136 (1.628-2.802) | < 0.001 | 1.716 (1.230-2.394) | 0.001 |
(per unit) | ||||
MELD score | 1.111 (1.009-1.224) | 0.032 | 0.987 (0.860-1.134) | 0.856 |
(per unit) | ||||
SVR | 0.263 (0.104-0.663) | 0.005 | 0.317 (0.121-0.828) | 0.019 |
HCV genotype 1 | 1.465 (0.780-2.753) | 0.231 |
Table 4 Clinical factors associated with development of hepatocellular carcinoma
Variable | HR | P value | Adjusted HR | P value |
OBI | 0.904 (0.251-3.264) | 0.878 | 0.860 (0.209-3.535) | 0.835 |
Age (per year) | 1.016 (0.962-1.073) | 0.571 | ||
Male sex | 1.531 (0.536-4.374) | 0.427 | ||
AST > 40 IU/L | 6.120 (1.351-27.729) | 0.019 | 3.383 (0.664-17.226) | 0.142 |
ALT > 40 IU/L | 3.573 (0.976-13.075) | 0.054 | ||
Creatinine (per unit) | 0.051 (0.003-0.892) | 0.042 | 0.075 (0.003-2.200) | 0.133 |
AFP > 20 ng/mL | 3.381 (1.129-10.121) | 0.029 | 1.706 (0.512-5.678) | 0.384 |
PT-INR (per unit) | 10.081 (1.036-77.802) | 0.027 | ||
Child-Pugh score | 3.065 (1.741-5.399) | < 0.001 | 2.818 (1.547-5.135) | 0.001 |
(per unit) | ||||
MELD score | 1.057 (0.862-1.296) | 0.597 | ||
(per unit) | ||||
SVR | 0.289 (0.064-1.302) | 0.106 | ||
HCV genotype 1 | 2.049 (0.644-6.517) | 0.224 |
- Citation: Cho J, Lee SS, Choi YS, Jeon Y, Chung JW, Baeg JY, Si WK, Jang ES, Kim JW, Jeong SH. Occult hepatitis B virus infection is not associated with disease progression of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(42): 9427-9436
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i42/9427.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i42.9427