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©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 28, 2016; 22(40): 8940-8948
Published online Oct 28, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.8940
Published online Oct 28, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.8940
Table 1 Characteristics of subjects in the community group with and without ansa pancreatica
All subjects (n = 587) | Subjects without ansa pancreatica (n = 582) | Subjects with ansa pancreatica (n = 5) | P value | OR (95%CI) | |
Age (yr) | 56.8 ± 10.4 | 56.8 ± 10.4 | 53.6 ± 10.7 | 0.601 | |
Females | 250 (43) | 248 (43) | 2 (40) | 0.702 | |
Brinkman index (cigarettes/d × years) | 244 ± 408 | 246 ± 409 | 120 ± 240 | 0.361 | |
Alcohol intake (kg/yr) | 5.8 ± 7.8 | 5.7 ± 7.7 | 11.4 ± 12.9 | 0.431 | |
Clinical history | |||||
All cases of pancreatitis3 | 6 (1) | 5 (0.9) | 1 (20) | 0.0502 | 28 (0.49-364) |
Acute pancreatitis | 4 (0.7) | 3 (0.5) | 1 (20) | 0.0342 | 46 (0.74-746) |
Diabetes mellitus | 30 (5) | 30 (5) | 0 | 12 | |
Hypertension | 109 (19) | 109 (19) | 0 | 0.592 | |
Hyperlipidemia | 67 (11) | 67 (12) | 0 | 12 | |
Any malignant neoplasm | 45 (8) | 45 (8) | 0 | 12 | |
Autoimmune disease | 14 (2) | 14 (2) | 0 | 12 |
Table 2 Characteristics of patients with single-episode acute pancreatitis with and without ansa pancreatica
All patients (n = 55) | Patients without ansa pancreatica (n = 54) | Patients with ansa pancreatica (n = 1) | |
Age (yr) | 57.5 ± 18.5 | 57.6 ± 18.5 | 50 |
Females | 16 (29) | 16 (30) | 0 (0) |
Brinkman index (cigarettes/d × years) | 355 ± 887 | 364 ± 888 | 0 |
Alcohol intake (kg/yr) | 8.1 ± 11.1 | 7.9 ± 11.1 | 16.1 |
Clinical history | |||
Diabetes mellitus | 11 (20) | 11 (22) | 0 (0) |
Hypertension | 14 (25) | 14 (29) | 0 (0) |
Hyperlipidemia | 12 (22) | 12 (25) | 0 (0) |
Any malignant neoplasm | 8 (15) | 8 (16) | 0 (0) |
Autoimmune disease | 5 (9) | 5 (10) | 0 (0) |
Table 3 Characteristics of subjects with recurrent acute pancreatitis with and without ansa pancreatica
All patients (n = 18) | Patients without ansa pancreatica (n = 16) | Patients with ansa pancreatica (n = 2) | P value | |
Age (yr) | 46.1 ± 14.4 | 44.6 ± 14.1 | 58.5 ± 9.5 | 0.361 |
Female | 9 (50) | 8 (50) | 1 (50) | 12 |
Brinkman index (cigarettes/d × years) | 103.1 ± 174 | 122 ± 183 | 0 ± 0 | 0.061 |
Alcohol intake (kg/yr) | 1.06 ± 2.01 | 1.14 ± 2.1 | 0 | 0.621 |
Clinical history | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 1 (6) | 0 (0) | 1 (50) | 0.192 |
Hypertension | 3 (17) | 3 (19) | 0 (0) | 112 |
Hyperlipidemia | 5 (28) | 5 (31) | 0 (0) | 11 |
Any malignant neoplasm | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 11 |
Autoimmune disease | 4 (22) | 4 (25) | 0 (0) | 11 |
Table 4 Causes of pancreatitis and ansa pancreatica
Cause | All patients with acute pancreatitis (n = 73) | Patients with single-episode acute pancreatitis (n = 55) | Patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis (n = 18) |
Gallstones | 19 (26.0) | 18 (33.0) | 1 (5.6) |
Alcohol | 14 (19.0)[2] | 12 (22.0)[1] | 2 (11.0)[1] |
Idiopathic | 10 (14.0)[1] | 6 (11.0) | 4 (22.0)[1] |
Iatrogenic | 6 (8.2) | 6 (11.0) | 0 (0) |
Pancreas divisum1 | 6 (8.2) | 1 (1.8) | 5 (28.0) |
Autoimmunity2 | 4 (5.6) | 2 (3.6) | 2 (5.6) |
Meandering main pancreatic duct3 | 3 (4.2) | 1 (1.8) | 2 (11.0) |
Pancreaticobiliary maljunction | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Alcohol and hyperlipidemia combined | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Choledocal cyst, pancreaticobiliary maljunction, and pancreas divisum combined | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Cholesterol embolism | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Crohn’s disease | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Drug induced | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Hyperlipidemia | 3 (4.2) | 2 (3.6) | 1 (5.6) |
Hypothermia | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.8) | 0 (0) |
Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (5.6) |
Table 5 Frequency of ansa pancreatica and its association with single-episode and recurrent acute pancreatitis
Table 6 Comparison of the characteristics of patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis and the community group
Community group (n = 587) | Patients with recurrent acute pancreatitis (n = 18) | P value | OR (95%CI) | |
Age (yr) | 56.8 ± 10.4 | 46.1 ± 14.4 | 0.000112 | |
Female | 250 (43) | 9 (50) | 0.633 | |
Brinkman index (cigarettes/d × years) | 244 ± 408 | 103.1 ± 174 | 0.0191 | |
Alcohol intake (kg/yr) | 5.8 ± 7.8 | 1.06 ± 2.0 | < 0.000112 | |
Clinical history | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 30 (5) | 1 (6) | 13 | |
Hypertension | 109 (19) | 3 (17) | 13 | |
Hyperlipidemia | 67 (11) | 5 (28) | 0.0513 | |
Any malignant neoplasm | 45 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.393 | |
Autoimmune disease | 14 (2) | 4 (22) | 0.001023 | 11.6 (2.46-43.7) |
- Citation: Hayashi TY, Gonoi W, Yoshikawa T, Hayashi N, Ohtomo K. Ansa pancreatica as a predisposing factor for recurrent acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(40): 8940-8948
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i40/8940.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i40.8940