Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Table 1 Summary of survival outcomes for presumed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing curative therapies

First author	Study design	Study period	Study location	Number of NAFLD-HCC cases	Treatment1	Survival outcomes
						Overall survival	Disease-free survival
Reddy	Retrospective cohort	2000-2010	Single-centered (United States)	52	OLT, resection, RFA2	1-yr: 90%3	1-yr: 84%3
						3-yr: 72%3	3-yr: 70%3
						5-yr: 65%3	5-yr: 60%3
Wong	Retrospective cohort	2002-2012	Multi-centered (United States)	NA4	OLT	1-yr: 87.5%	NA
						3-yr: 79.8%
						5-yr: 65.5%
Piscaglia	Prospective cohort	2010-2012	Multi-centered (Italy)	49	OLT, resection, RFA	1-yr: 90%-95%3	NA
						3-yr: 85%-90%3
Malik	Retrospective cohort	NA	Single-centered (United States)	17	OLT	1-yr: 85%-90%3	NA
Hernandez-Alejandro	Retrospective cohort	2000-2011	Single-centered (Canada)	17	OLT	NA	1-yr: 95%3
							3-yr: 95%3
							5-yr: 85%3
Cauchy	Retrospective cohort	2000-2011	Single-centered (France)	625	Resection	1-yr: 83%	1-yr: 83%
						3-yr: 75%	3-yr: 70%
Wakai	Retrospective cohort	1990-2007	Single-centered (Japan)	17	Resection	5-yr: 59%	5-yr: 66%
Takuma	Retrospective cohort	1992-2009	Single-centered (Japan)	366	Resection, RFA, PEI, MCT	1-yr: 94%	1-yr: 89%
						3-yr: 85%	3-yr: 68%
						5-yr: 54%	5-yr: 54%

¹Total cohort underwent one treatment unless otherwise specified;

²Four patients had both RFA and resection;

³Survival rates were not reported in the text;

⁴Total number of NAFLD-HCC cases was not reported as analysis of outcomes among HCC cases secondary to NAFLD was done in a subanalysis. Total HCC cases in the cohort was 5326;

⁵Metabolic syndrome was used as a surrogate for NAFLD after exclusion of chronic hepatitis B or C infection, excessive alcoholic consumption, alcoholic liver disease, and hemochromatosis;

⁶Crytogenic cirrhosis was used as a surrogate for NAFLD after exclusion of chronic hepatitis B or C infection, alcohol consumption, primary biliary cholangitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency, Wilson’s disease, and hemochromatosis. Estimates are determined from the Kaplan Meier figures. NAFLD: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; OLT: Orthotopic liver transplantation; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; PEI: Percutaneous ethanol injection; MCT: Microwave coagulation therapy; NA: Data not available.