Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Sep 21, 2016; 22(35): 7963-7972
Published online Sep 21, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i35.7963
Table 1 Summary of the main epidemiological studies assessing the relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and periodontitis
Ref.MethodsPrincipal findings
Flemmig et al[74] 1991107 IBD patients (46 with CD and 61 with UC). Periodontal examination was carried out at two sites of all teeth in two quadrants. There was no control group and results were compared with the assessment of Oral Health of United States AdultsIBD patients presented an 11.9% higher prevalence, but lower severity
Grossner-Schreiber et al[42] 200662 patients with IBD (46 with CD and 16 with UC) and 59 healthy controls. Periodontal examination was performed in two quadrantsIBD patients had more sites with attachment loss of at least 4 and 5 mm, although periodontal disease was not clearly different from the control group
Brito et al[4] 2008179 patients with IBD (99 with CD and 80 with UC) and 74 controls. Full-mouth periodontal examination was performedCD and UC patients had higher prevalence of periodontitis than controls, but smoking was an effect modifier
Habashneh et al[5] 2012160 patients with IBD (59 with CD and 101 with UC) and 100 control patients. Full-mouth periodontal examination was performedPatients with IBD have higher prevalence, severity and extent of periodontitis compared with those having no IBD
Vavricka et al[75] 2013113 patients with IBD (69 with CD and 44 with UC) and 113 controlsGingivitis and periodontitis markers were higher in patients with IBD than in healthy control. No clear association was found between IBD clinical activity and periodontitis
Koutsochristou et al[76] 201555 children and adolescents with IBD and 55 controls. Community periodontal treatment needs indices were evaluatedMore clinical signs of gingival inflammation and increased periodontal treatment needs were observed in children and adolescents with IBD