Nanovectors for anti-cancer drug delivery in the treatment of advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Table 1 Selected ongoing trials with nab-paclitaxel in pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Trial	Trial phase	Treatment regimen	Primary endpoint	Planned patients number
NCT01964430 (APACT) after resection	III	Adjuvant nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine vs gemcitabine alone	Disease-free survival	800
NCT02562716 (SWOG 1505) in resectable disease	II	Perioperative nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine vs FOLFIRINOX	2-yr overall survival	112
NCT02047513 (NEONAX) in resectable disease	II	Perioperative nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine vs adjuvant nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine	Disease-free survival	166
NCT01921751 (RTOG 1201) in locally advanced disease	II	Upfront nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine followed by standard vs high intensity radiation	2-yr overall survival	346
NCT02301143 (LAPACT) in locally advanced disease	II	Upfront treatment with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine	Time to treatment failure	110
NCT02436668 (RESOLVE) in metastatic disease	III	1st-line with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine ± ibrutinib	Progression-free survival	326
NCT02715804 (HALO-301) in metastatic disease	III	1st-line with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine ± PEGPH20	Progression-free and overall survival	420
NCT02399137 (CARRIE) in metastatic disease	II	1st-line with nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine ± istiratumab	Progression-free survival	260
NCT02551991 in metastatic disease	II	1st-line nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine, vs nal-IRI/LV/5-FU ± oxaliplatin	Progression-free survival rate at 24 wk	168

Table 2 Selected nanomedicines studied in clinical trials for pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Nanomedicine	Nanoplatform	Status	Reference/trial information
Nanoplatin (NC-6004)	Polymeric nanoparticle (PEG-polyaspartate) of cisplatin	Phase III on going in advanced disease as 1st-line; 290 patients expected	NCT02043288; gemcitabine ± NC6004
EndoTAG-1	Cationic liposome encapsulated paclitaxel	Phase II (with gemcitabine vs gemcitabine) published in 2012	Löhr et al[56] 2012/NCT00377936
Genexol-PM	Methoxy-PEG-poly(D,L-lactide) based	Phase II monotherapy published in 2010	Saif et al[65] 2010/NCT00111904
	formulation of paclitaxel
Rexin-G	Pathotropic nanoparticle with cytocidal cyclin G1 construct	Phase I/II monotherapy published in 2010	Chawla et al[66] 2010/NCT00504998
Lipoplatin	Liposomal formulation of cisplatin	Phase I/II (with gemcitabine) published in 2006	Stathopoulos et al[67] 2006
Caelyx/Doxil	Liposomal formulation of doxorubicin	Phase II monotherapy published in 1995 and 2001	Schwartz et al[68] 1995; Halford et al[69] 2001