Effects of interactions between environmental factors and KIF1B genetic variants on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese cohort

Table 1 Distribution of selected characteristics and environmental factors in hepatocellular carcinoma cases and controls n (%)

Variable	Case (n = 306)	Control (n = 306)	P value	OR3	95%CI
Age, yr (mean ± SD)	55.84 ± 11.49	55.83 ± 11.67	0.9921
Sex
Male	264 (86.27)	264 (86.27)
Female	42 (13.73)	42 (13.73)	0.9982
Tobacco smoking
No	95 (31.05)	139 (45.42)
Yes	211 (68.95)	167 (54.58)	< 0.0142
Alcohol drinking
No	133 (43.46)	188 (38.56)		1.00	-
Yes	173 (56.54)	118 (61.44)	0.0122	2.45	1.24-4.82
History of raw freshwater fish eating
No	111 (36.27)	171 (55.88)		1.00	-
Yes	195 (63.73)	135 (44.12)	0.0302	1.99	1.06-3.75
Status of HBV infection
No	77 (25.16)	252 (82.35)		1.00	-
Yes	229 (74.84)	54 (17.65)	< 0.0132	12.02	6.02-24.00
Family history of HCC
No	256 (83.66)	294 (96.08)		1.00	-
Yes	50 (16.34)	12 (3.92)	< 0.0112	6.90	2.10-22.73

¹P value was calculated by the t test;

²P value was calculated by the χ² test;

³ORs were adjusted for age. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; OR: Odds ratio.

Table 2 Distribution of rs3748578 and rs17401966 in hepatocellular carcinoma cases and controls n (%)

Variants	Genotypes	Case (n = 306)	Control (n = 306)	χ2	P value	HWE
rs3748578	GG	169 (55.22)	150 (49.02)
	AG	122 (39.87)	138 (45.10)
	AA	15 (4.91)	18 (5.88)	2.39	0.303	0.058
rs17401966	AA	159 (51.96)	150 (49.02)
	AG	126 (41.18)	138 (45.10)
	GG	21 (6.86)	18 (5.88)	1.04	0.595	0.058

HWE: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Table 3 Association analysis between KIF1B variants and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development n (%)

Variants	Crude OR (95%CI)	P value	Adjusted OR1 (95%CI)	P value1
rs3748578
GG	1.00		1.00
AG	0.74 (0.36-1.52)	0.411	0.71 (0.33-1.53)	0.380
AA	0.79 (0.57-1.09)	0.148	0.82 (0.58-1.62)	0.260
Dominant model	0.78 (0.57-1.07)	0.124	0.80 (0.57-1.13)	0.209
Recessive model	0.83 (0.41-1.67)	0.592	0.77 (0.36-1.65)	0.507
Additive model	0.82 (0.63-1.07)	0.137	0.83 (0.62-1.10)	0.193
rs17401966
AA	1.00		1.00
AG	0.86 (0.62-1.20)	0.374	0.86 (0.62-1.20)	0.379
GG	1.10 (0.56-2.15)	0.778	1.12 (0.57-2.21)	0.746
Dominant model	0.89 (0.65-1.22)	0.467	0.91 (0.64-1.27)	0.566
Recessive model	1.18 (0.62-2.26)	0.620	1.06 (0.52-2.15)	0.871
Additive model	0.95 (0.73-1.23)	0.692	0.94 (0.71-1.25)	0.685

¹The adjusted ORs, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and their corresponding P values were calculated in a logistic regression model by adjusting for age, alcohol drinking, history of raw freshwater fish eating, history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection, family history of HBV infection, and family history of hepatoma.

Table 4 Interaction analysis between rs3748578 and environmental factors in hepatocellular carcinoma development

Variant and environmental factors		Cases	Controls	OR	95%CI	P value1	P value2
rs3748578 and alcohol drinking						0.945	0.228
AG + AA	No	63	92	1.00
GG	No	70	96	1.06	0.68-1.66
AG + AA	Yes	74	64	1.69	1.06-2.68
GG	Yes	99	54	2.68	1.69-4.25
rs3748578 and history of raw freshwater fish eating						0.557	0.681
AG + AA	No	49	89	1.00
GG	No	62	82	1.37	0.85-2.22
AG + AA	Yes	88	67	2.39	1.49-3.82
GG	Yes	107	68	2.86	1.80-4.54
rs3748578 and history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection						0.850	0.815
AG + AA	No	30	126	1.00
GG	No	47	126	1.57	0.93-2.64
AG + AA	Yes	107	30	14.98	8.49-26.43
GG	Yes	122	24	21.35	11.82-38.58
rs3748578 and family history of HCC						0.372	0.555
AG + AA	No	117	152	1.00
GG	No	136	142	1.24	0.89-1.74
AG + AA	Yes	20	4	6.50	2.16-19.52
GG	Yes	33	8	5.36	2.39-12.04

¹P values were calculated by the test for additive interaction;

²P values were calculated by the test for multiplicative interaction.

Table 5 Interaction analysis between rs17401966 and major environmental factors in hepatocellular carcinoma development

Variant and environmental factors		Cases	Controls	OR	95%CI	P value1	P value2
rs17401966 and alcohol drinking						0.038	0.102
AG + GG	No	69	91	1.00
AA	No	64	97	0.87	0.56-1.36
AG + GG	Yes	78	65	1.58	1.00-2.49
AA	Yes	95	53	2.36	1.49-3.74
rs17401966 and history of raw freshwater fish eating						0.470	0.852
AG + GG	No	53	88	1.00
AA	No	58	83	1.16	0.72-1.87
AG + GG	Yes	94	68	2.30	1.45-3.64
AA	Yes	101	67	2.50	1.58-3.96
rs17401966 and history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection						0.269	0.753
AG + GG	No	32	126	1.00
AA	No	45	126	1.41	0.84-2.36
AG + GG	Yes	115	30	15.09	8.63-26.39
AA	Yes	114	24	18.7	10.40-33.63
rs17401966 and family history of hepatoma						0.697	0.524
AG + GG	No	125	152	1.00
AA	No	128	142	1.10	0.78-1.53
AG + GG	Yes	22	4	6.69	2.25-19.92
AA	Yes	31	8	4.71	2.09-10.62

¹P values were calculated by test for additive interaction;

²P values were calculated by test for multiplicative interaction.