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©The Author(s) 2016.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 7, 2016; 22(13): 3652-3662
Published online Apr 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i13.3652
Published online Apr 7, 2016. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i13.3652
Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria of the enrolled patients
Eligibility criteria | Exclusion criteria |
Histopathology confirmed | MRI examination contraindication |
Non-invasive diagnosis criteria [(EASL) 2012]1 | Significant renal insufficiency |
Cirrhotic patients | |
Hypervascular in the arterial phase | |
Washout in the portal venous or delayed phase | |
Non-antineoplaston therapy | Severe motion artifacts on MRI images |
The largest diameter of lesion ≥ 2 cm | Hepatic vein/portal cancer embolus |
Age of patients ≥ 18 yr | Inferior vena cava embolus |
Inability of informed written consent |
Table 2 Summary of parameter terms used in the dual-input extended Tofts model and 2-compartment exchange model
Symbol | Definition | Unit |
Ctiss(t) | Concentration of tracer in the tissue | mmol/L |
CA(t) | Concentration of tracer in whole blood in a major feeding artery | mmol/L |
Cv(t) | Concentration of tracer in the portal vein | mmol/L |
Fa | Arterial fraction of the tissue perfusion | % |
HLV | Hematocrit in major (large) vessels | none |
HPI | Hepatic perfusion index | none |
Fp | Flow rate of the blood plasma through the intravascular plasma space | mL/mL per minute |
vp | Ratio of blood plasma volume to tissue volume | % |
ve | Ratio of EES volume to tissue volume | % |
kep | Efflux rate constant | min-1 |
Ktrans | Transfer constant | min-1 |
PS | Endothelial permeability surface area product | mL/mL per minute |
⊗ | Convolution operator | None |
Table 3 Patients’ demographic characteristics, tumor volume, and tumor stage
Age (yr) | Gender | Diagnosis criteria | Size (cm³) | Stage (BCLC)1 |
64.857 ± 10.384 | Female 5 | Confirmed by histology 8 | 409.588 | A2 (2) |
Male 23 | Diagnosed by EASL 20 | A3 (3) | ||
A4 (1) | ||||
B (11) | ||||
C (11) |
Table 4 Comparison of tumor dynamic contrast-enhanced-magnetic resonance imaging pharmacokinetic parameters from 28 scanned patients using two models [Median (IQR)]
ktrans (min-1) | PS (mL/mL ・min-1) | Fp (mL/mL ・min-1) | kep (min-1) | ve | vp | HPI | |
Dual-Input Extended Tofts model | 0.29 ± 0.38 | - | - | 1.35 ± 1.42 | 0.51 ± 1.16 | 0.12 ± 0.21 | 0.66 ± 0.24 |
Dual-Input Exchange model | - | 0.19 ± 0.36 | 1.07 ± 1.73 | 0.95 ± 1.60 | 1.22 ± 1.19 | 0.14 ± 0.17 | 0.63 ± 0.29 |
Z/t value | NA | NA | NA | -0.638 | -2.869 | -0.568 | 0.4991 |
P value | NA | NA | NA | 0.524 | 0.004 | 0.569 | 0.6221 |
- Citation: Yang JF, Zhao ZH, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Yang LM, Zhang MM, Wang BY, Wang T, Lu BC. Dual-input two-compartment pharmacokinetic model of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22(13): 3652-3662
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v22/i13/3652.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v22.i13.3652