MicroRNA in inflammatory bowel disease: Translational research and clinical implication

Table 1 Aberrant microRNA expression in human colonic tissue in ulcerative colitis

Status	Tissue type	Control	Aberrant microRNA expression	Ref.
Active UC	Sigmoid, n = 15	Healthy	Decreased: miR-192 and 375	Wu et al[16], 2008
			Increased: miR-16, 21, 23a, 24, 29a, 126, 195, 422b and let-7f
	Sigmoid, n = 12	Healthy	Increased: miR-21 and 155	Takagi et al[17], 2010
	Sigmoid, n = 12	Healthy	Increased: miR-21 and 126	Feng et al[18], 2012
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 10	Healthy	Decreased: miR-188-5p, 215, 320a and 346	Fasseu et al[19], 2010
			Increased: miR-7, 31, 135b and 223
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 5	Healthy	Increased: miR-150	Bian et al[20], 2011
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 8	Healthy	Decreased: miR-143 and 145	Pekow et al[21], 2012
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 20	Healthy	Increased: miR-20b, 98 and let-7e*	Coskun et al[22], 2013
Active or inactive UC	Colon, distalmost, n = 10	Healthy	Decreased: miR-194b, 216b, 548e and 559	Lin et al[23], 2014
			Increased: miR-31, 146a, 206 and 663
Inactive UC	Sigmoid, n = 15	Healthy	Increased: miR-16, 23a, 24, 29a, 375 and 422b	Wu et al[16], 2008
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 8	Healthy	Decreased: miR-188-5p, 215, 320a and 346	Fasseu et al[19], 2010
			Increased: miR-29a, 29b, 126*, 127-3p, 196a and 324-3p
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 19	Healthy	Increased: miR-20b and 125b-1*	Coskun et al[22], 2013
Unknown	Colon, nonspecific, n = 15	Healthy	Increased: miR-21	Yang et al[24], 2013
Active UC	Colon, nonspecific, n = 20	Inactive UC	Increased: miR-98	Coskun et al[22], 2013
	Colon, left or sigmoid, n = 9	Inactive UC	Decreased: miR-196b, 489 and 630	Iborra et al[25], 2013
			Increased: miR-548a-3p and 650

UC: Ulcerative colitis.

Table 2 Aberrant microRNA expression in human colonic tissue in Crohn’s disease

Status	Tissue type	Control	Aberrant microRNA expression	Ref.
Active CD	Sigmoid, n = 5	Healthy	Decreased: miR-19b and 629	Wu et al[26], 2010
			Increased: miR-23b, 106a and 191
	Terminal ileum, n = 6	Healthy	Increased: miR-16, 21, 223, and 594	Wu et al[26], 2010
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 16	Healthy	Increased: miR-9, 21, 22, 26a, 29b, 29c, 30b, 31, 34c-5p, 106a, 126, 126*, 127-3p, 130a, 133b, 146a, 146b-5p, 150, 155, 181c, 196a, 324-3p and 375	Fasseu et al[19], 2010
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 8	Healthy	Decreased: miR-7	Nguyen et al[27], 2010
	Colon, nonspecific, n = 120	Healthy	Increased: miR-196	Brest et al[28], 2011
Active and inactive CD	Colon, nonspecific, n = 15	Healthy	Increased: miR-31 and 141	Huang et al[29], 2015
	Colon, distalmost, n = 9	Healthy	Decreased: miR-194b, 216b, 548e and 559 Increased: miR-31, 146a, 206 and 663	Lin et al[23], 2014
Inactive CD	Colon, nonspecific, n = 8	Healthy	Increased: miR-9*, 21, 22, 26a, 29b, 29c, 30a*, 30b, 30c, 31, 34c-5p, 106a, 126*, 127-3p, 133b, 146a, 146b-5p, 150, 155, 196a, 223 and 324-3p	Fasseu et al[19], 2010
Active CD	Colon, left or sigmoid, n = 9	Inactive CD	Decreased: miR-18a*, 140-3p, 629* and let-7b Increased: miR-328, 422a and 885-5p	Iborra et al[25], 2013

CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis.

Table 3 Aberrant microRNA expression in human peripheral blood in ulcerative colitis

Status	Tissue type	Control	Aberrant microRNA expression	Ref.
Active UC	Peripheral blood, n = 13	Healthy	Decreased: miR-505*	Wu et al[31], 2011
			Increased: miR-28-5p, 103-2*,151-5p, 199a-5p, 340*, 362-3p, 532-3p and plus-E1271
	Peripheral blood, n = 88	Healthy	Increased: miR-16, 21, 28-5p, 151-5p, 155 and 199a-5p	Paraskevi et al[32], 2012
Active and inactive UC	Peripheral blood, n = 18	Healthy	Decreased: miR-150 Increased: miR-15b, 19a, 24, 27a, 28-3p, 29a, 30e, 93, 103, 128, 142-5p, 196b, 199a-3p, 221, 223, 345, 374b, 423-5P, 532-5p, 598, 760, let-7d, let-7e and let-7g	Iborra et al[25], 2013
Inactive UC	Peripheral blood, n = 13	Healthy	Decreased: miR-505*	Zahm et al[33], 2011
			Increased: miR-103-2, 362-3p and 532-3p
Inactive UC	Peripheral blood, n = 10	Healthy	Decreased: miR-505*	Wu et al[31], 2011
			Increased: miR-103-2*, 362-3p and 532-3p
Unknown	Peripheral blood, n = 20	Healthy	Increased: miR-20b*, 22, 27a*, 31, 92a-1*, 138, 140-3p, 143*, 146a-3p, 150*,181b, 188-5p, 330-3p, 362-5p, 345, 378, 378*,422a, 500, 501-5p, 532-5p, 550*, 720, 769-3p, 769-5p, 874, 941, 1271, 1274b, 1296 and let-7i*	Duttagupta et al[34], 2012
	Peripheral blood, n = 15	Healthy	Increased: miR-21	Yang et al[24], 2013

UC: Ulcerative colitis.

Table 4 Aberrant microRNA expression in human peripheral blood in Crohn’s disease

Status	Tissue type	Control	Aberrant microRNA expression	Ref.
Active CD	Peripheral blood, n = 14	Healthy	Decreased: miR-149* and plus-F1065	Wu et al[31], 2011
			Increased: miR-199a-5p, 340*, 362-3p, 532-3p and plus-E1271
	Peripheral blood, n = 46	Healthy	Increased: miR-16, 20a, 21, 30e, 93, 106a, 140, 192, 195, 484 and let-7b	Zahm et al[33], 2011
	Peripheral blood, n = 128	Healthy	Increased: miR-16, 23a, 29a, 106a, 107, 126, 191, 199a-5p, 200c, 362-3p and 532-3p	Paraskevi et al[32], 2012
Active and inactive CD	Peripheral blood, n = 18	Healthy	Decreased: miR-877	Iborra et al[25], 2013
			Increased: miR-16, 27a*, 140-3p, 140-5p and 195
Inactive CD	Peripheral blood, n = 5	Healthy	Decreased: miR-149*	Wu et al[31], 2011
			Increased: miR-340*
Active CD	Peripheral blood, n = 9	Inactive CD	Decreased: miR-18a, 128, 140-5p and 145	Iborra et al[25], 2013
			Increased: miR-188-5p and 877

CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis.

Table 5 Differential microRNA expression between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease

Status	Tissue type	Control	Aberrant microRNA expression	Ref.
Inactive UC	Colon, nonspecific, n = 8	Inactive CD	Decreased: miR-100a-3p, 100b-5p, 150, 196b, 223 and 320a	Fasseu et al[19], 2010
Active or inactive UC	Colon, distalmost, n = 12	Active or Inactive CD	Increased: miR-19b, 23b, 106a, 191 and 629	Lin et al[35], 2013
Active UC	Peripheral blood, n = 13	Active CD	Increased: miR-3180-3p, plus-E1035 and plus-F1159	Wu et al[31], 2011

CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis.