Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for bile duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

Table 1 Clinical data of five patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the bile duct

No.	Sex	Age (yr)	History and symptoms	Laboratory findings (normal range)	Imaging
					US	CT + C	Gd-DTPA MRI	MRCP	ERCP	PET-CT	Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI
1	Female	59	Recurrent upper abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting for 6 mo	No significant abnormalities	A	A	NA	A	A	NA	A
2	Male	52	Physical examination revealed liver tumor	CEA: 7.5 ng/mL (0.0-8.0)	A	A	NA	A	A	NA	A
3	Female	72	Jaundice	CEA: 9.8 ng/mL	A	A	NA	A	A	NA	A
				CA199: 715.1 U/mL (0.0-37.0)
				Total bilirubin: 611 mmol/L (0-21)
4	Male	66	Jaundice	CEA: 44.0 ng/mL	A	A	NA	A	NA	NA	A
				CA199: > 12000 U/mL
				Total bilirubin: 424 mmol/L
5	Male	56	8-yr history of liver contusion; liver pain for 6 mo	CA199: 217.3 U/mL	A	A	A	A	NA	A	A
				CRP: 34.5 mg/L (0.0-8.0)

A: Applied; CA: Cancer antigen; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CRP: C-reactive protein; CT + C: Contrast enhanced-CT; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; Gd-DTPA MRI: Gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid magnetic resonance imaging; Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI: Gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; MRCP: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; NA: Not applied; PET: Positron emission tomography; US: Ultrasound.

Table 2 Parameters for magnetic resonance imaging sequences

Sequence	TR (ms)	TE (ms)	Section thickness (mm)	Gap(mm)	Matrix size(pixels)	Flip angle(degrees)	Field of view (cm)
T2WI	6000-10000	91	6	2	320 × 224	90	40 × 32
DWI (b = 1000)	8000	65	6	2	128 × 128	90	40 × 32
MRCP	6000-10000	800	2.4	0	384 × 224	90	40 × 32
Gd-DTPA-enhanced MRI	2.84	1.34	5	0	384 × 256	10	40 × 32
Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI	2.84	1.34	5	0	384 × 256	10	40 × 32

DWI: Diffusion-weighted imaging; DTPA: Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid; EOB: Ethoxybenzyl; Gd: Gadolinium; MRCP: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; T2WI: T2-weighted imaging; TE: Echo time; TR: Repetition time.