Preliminary study of photodynamic diagnosis using 5-aminolevulinic acid in gastric and colorectal tumors

Table 1 Characteristics of early gastric and colorectal tumors in this study

Patient	Age (yr)	Sex	Location	Macroscopic type	Tumor size (mm)	Tumorcolor	Tumordepth	Tumordifferentiation	Treatment		Adverse effect	FL
									Method	Time (min)
1	71	F	M	Protruded	20	Reddish	m	tub1	ESD	50	No	Yes
2	65	M	L	Protruded	20	Reddish	m	tub1	ESD	23	Yes	Yes
2	65	M	U	Protruded	15	Reddish	sm	tub2	ESD	82	Yes	No
3	75	M	L	Protruded	14	Reddish	m	tub1	ESD	34	Yes	Yes
4	56	M	M	Protruded	10	Reddish	m	tub1	ESD	54	No	Yes
5	70	M	M	Protruded	8	Discolored	m	tub1	EMR	7	No	Yes
6	66	M	U	Protruded	10	Reddish		adenoma	ESD	60	Yes	Yes
7	59	M	L	Depressed	12	Reddish	m	tub1	ESD	43	No	No
8	65	M	M	Depressed	15	Reddish	sm	tub1	ESD	23	No	No
8	65	M	M	Depressed	5	Discolored	m	sig	ESD	37	No	No
9	69	F	R	Protruded	20	Reddish	m	tub1	EMR	25	Yes	No
10	67	F	S	Protruded	18	Discolored	m	tub1	EMR	10	No	No
10	67	F	S	Protruded	23	Reddish	sm	pap	EMR	26	No	Yes
Total	66.3 ± 5.91	7M3F	2U/5M/	10 Protruded	14.6 ± 5.41	10 Reddish	9 m/	1 adenoma	9 ESD	36.5 ± 21.11	4 Yes	7 Yes
			3L/2S/1R	3 Depressed		3 Discolored	3 sm	9 tub1/1 tub2 1 pap/1 sig	4 EMR		6 No	6 No

¹mean ± SD. FL: Fluorescence; U: Upper third of stomach; M: Middle third of stomach; L: Lower third of stomach; S: Sigmoid colon; R: Rectum; m: Mucosal layer; sm: Submucosal layer; tub1: Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma; tub2: Moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma; pap: Papillary adenocarcinoma; sig: Signet cell adenocarcinoma; ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EMR: Endoscopic mucosal resection.

Table 2 Statistical analysis of clinicopathologic characteristics between tumors with and without fluorescence

	Fluorescence
	No(n = 6)	Yes(n = 7)	Total(n = 13)	P value
Sex
F	2	2	4
M	4	5	9	1.00
Age (yr)
mean ± SD	65.0 ± 2.0	67.1 ± 1.9	66.2 ± 4.9	0.45
Tumor color
Reddish	4	6	10	0.56
Discolored	2	1	3
Tumor size (mm)
mean ± SD	14.2 ± 2.3	15.0 ± 2.1	14.6 ± 5.4	0.80
Macroscopic type
Protruded	3	7	10	0.07
Depressed	3	0	3
Tumor differentiation
Differentiated	5	7	12	0.46
Undifferentiated	1	0	1
Tumor depth
m	4	5	9	1.00
sm	2	1	3
Lymphatic invasion
Absent	5	5	10
Present	1	1	2	1.00
Venous invasion
Absent	5	6	11	1.00
Present	1	0	1
Procedure time (min)
mean ± SD	36.7 ± 9.0	36.3 ± 8.3	36.5 ± 21.1	0.98

Differentiated: Adenoma, tub1, tub2, and pap; Undifferentiated: sig; m: Mucosal layer; sm: Submucosal layer; tub1: Well-differentiated adenocarcinoma; tub2: Moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma; pap: Papillary adenocarcinoma; sig: Signet cell adenocarcinoma.