In vivo gastric mucosal histopathology using endocytoscopy

Table 1 Association between endocytoscopy findings and histological assessment and Helicobacter pylori infection - examination in gastric corpus

EC findings (n)	Active inflammation		Atrophic change		Helicobacter pylori infection
	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)
n-Pit (35)	0	35	0	35	4	31
i-Pit (35)	19	16	16	19	15	20

The category in non-active inflammation and no atrophy is defined as normal mucosa. Sensitivity and specificity of n-Pit to detect normal mucosa was 94.4% (95%CI: 81.3-99.3), 97.1% (84.7-99.9), respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of n-Pit for Helicobacter pylori-negative was 60.8% (46.1-74.2), 78.9% (54.4-94.0), 88.6 (73.3-96.8) and 42.9% (26.3-60.6), respectively. EC: Endocytoscopy; n-Pit: Normal pit-dominant type.

Table 2 Association between endocytoscopy findings and histological assessment and Helicobacter pylori infection - examination in antral region

EC findings (n)	Active inflammation		Atrophic change		Helicobacter pylori infection
	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)
n-Pap (29)	2	27	4	25	2	27
i-Pap (41)	19	22	35	6	17	24

The category in non-active inflammation and no atrophy is defined as normal mucosa. Sensitivity and specificity of n-Pap to detect normal mucosa was 92.0% (95%CI: 74.0-99.0), 86.7% (73.2-95.0), respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of n-Pap for Helicobacter pylori-negative was 52.9% (38.5-67.1), 89.5% (66.9-98.7), 93.1% (77.2-99.2), 41.5 (26.3-57.9), respectively. EC: Endocytoscopy; n-Pit: Normal pit-dominant type.