Eradication rate and histological changes after Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment in gastric cancer patients following subtotal gastrectomy

Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of patients and univariate analysis of clinical factors influencing the eradication rate n (%)

	Eradication success(n = 290)	Eradication failure(n = 36)	P value	Univariate analysis
Age	56.7 ± 10.4	56.9 ± 10.7	0.124	0.127
Gender			0.229	0.233
Male	183 (63.1)	19 (52.7)
Female	107 (36.9)	17 (47.3)
Smoking			0.789	0.792
Non-smoker	228 (78.6)	29 (80.5)
Smoker	62 (21.4)	7 (19.5)
Alcohol			0.213	0.219
Non-drinker	224 (77.2)	23 (63.8)
Drinker	66 (22.8)	13 (36.2)
Underlying disease
Hypertension	65 (22.4)	6 (16.6)	0.431	0.437
Diabetes mellitus	24 (8.2)	4 (11.1)	0.531	0.539
EGC/AGC			0.451	0.463
EGC	217 (74.8)	29 (80.5)
AGC	73 (25.2)	7 (19.5)
Tumor location			0.695	0.707
Lower (Antrum)	147 (50.6)	17 (47.2)
Middle (Body)	143 (49.3)	19 (52.7)
Surgery			0.012	0.016
Billroth-I	201 (69.4)	33 (91.7)
Billroth-II	89 (30.6)	3 (8.3)

EGC: Early gastric cancer; AGC: Advanced gastric cancer; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 2 H. pylori eradication rates of first- and second-line therapy

	First-line therapy	Second-line therapy	P value
ITT analysis
%, Eradication(ratio)	78.4 (458/584)	90 (36/40)	0.027
95%CI	74.9-81.6	77.0-96.0
PP analysis
%, Eradication(ratio)	85.3 (458/530)	92.3 (36/39)	0.034
95%CI	82.1-88.1	79.7-97.4

ITT: Intention-to-treat; PP: Per-protocol; CI: Confidence interval.

Table 3 Multivariate analysis for the clinical factors related to the eradication success in the eradication success group

	Odds ratio	95%CI	P value
Billroth-II vs Billroth-I	1.53	1.41-1.65	0.021
Male vs female	1.01	0.87-1.15	0.125
Smoking (+) vs (-)	1.07	0.89-1.25	0.163
Alcohol (+) vs (-)	0.98	0.94-1.08	0.187

CI: Confidence interval.

Table 4 Histological changes of gastric mucosa according to eradication

	Eradication success (n = 290)			Eradication failure (n = 36)			P value
	Baseline	12 mo	P value	Baseline	12 mo	P value
Atrophy	0.46 ± 0.04	0.25 ± 0.04	< 0.001	0.50 ± 0.11	0.47 ± 0.12	0.698	0.023
IM	0.41 ± 0.05	0.27 ± 0.04	< 0.001	0.56 ± 0.14	0.51 ± 0.12	0.226	0.015
Neutrophil count	2.12 ± 0.04	0.40 ± 0.04	< 0.001	2.08 ± 0.12	1.11 ± 0.18	< 0.001	< 0.001
Mononuclear cells	2.10 ± 0.03	1.45 ± 0.03	< 0.001	2.08 ± 0.08	1.64 ± 0.11	0.004	0.085

0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = marked. IM: Intestinal metaplasia.

Table 5 Comparison of histological changes of gastric mucosa in metachronous cancer patients (n = 7)

	Baseline	12 mo	P value
Atrophy	1.29 ± 0.42	0.71 ± 0.36	0.436
Intestinal metaplasia	1.34 ± 0.41	1.00 ± 0.38	0.457
Neutrophil count	2.00 ± 0.22	0.86 ± 0.34	0.071
Mononuclear cell	2.00 ± 0.31	1.85 ± 0.20	0.289

0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = marked.

Table 6 Histological changes of gastric mucosa according to reconstruction surgery after successful eradication

	Billroth-I (n = 201)			Billroth-II (n = 89)			P value
	Baseline	12 mo	P value	Baseline	12 mo	P value
Atrophy	0.33 ± 0.10	0.31 ± 0.12	0.831	0.53 ± 0.19	0.13 ± 0.09	< 0.001	0.029
IM	0.39 ± 0.13	0.37 ± 0.13	0.572	0.67 ± 0.21	0.32 ± 0.24	< 0.001	0.034
Neutrophil count	2.24 ± 0.10	0.21 ± 0.08	< 0.001	2.33 ± 0.16	0.33 ± 0.16	< 0.001	< 0.001
Mononuclear cells	2.21 ± 0.10	1.33 ± 0.12	0.831	1.93 ± 0.19	1.47 ± 0.09	0.540	0.085

0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 = moderate, and 3 = marked. IM: Intestinal metaplasia.