Post-hepatectomy survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis

Table 1 Characteristics of patients who underwent hepatectomy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma by portal vein invasion

	vp1-2(n = 73)	vp3-4(n = 10)	P value
Host-related factors
Age (yr)	60.1 ± 9.7	59.0 ± 10.5	0.790
Gender (Male/Female)	67/6	8/2	0.236
Albumin (g/dL)	3.88 ± 0.52	3.81 ± 0.45	0.698
Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (%)	17.1 ± 11.6	17.5 ± 11.3	0.977
Liver cirrhosis	31	6	0.295
Treatment-related factors
Preoperative transarterial chemoembolization	35	7	0.191
Method of resection (Anatomical/Non-anatomical)	65/8	9/1	0.927
Operation time (min)	296 ± 240	343 ± 387	0.735
Blood loss (mL)	2623 ± 1740	3886 ± 3390	0.538
Blood transfusion	29	4	0.941
Positive surgical margin	10	1	0.746
Tumor-related factors
Alpha-fetoprotein (ng/mL)	9006 ± 34819	11211 ± 27261	0.802
Tumor size (mm)	54.7 ± 33.8	62.6 ± 30.0	0.234
Number of tumors (Single/Multiple)	41/32	5/5	0.713
Capsule (Present/Absent)	57/16	8/2	0.890
Bile duct invasion	11	3	0.237
Serosal invasion	11	6	0.001
Stage (UICC)			< 0.001
I	0	0
II	59	0
III	13	9
IV	1	1

vp: Portal vein invasion; UICC: Union for International Cancer Control (seventh-edition criteria).

Table 2 Results of the univariate and multivariate analyses of the prognostic factors associated with disease-free survival in patients who underwent hepatectomy for the treatment of stage II or III hepatocellular carcinoma

	No.	5yrDFS (%)	Median (mo)	Univariate analysis P	Multivariate analysis
					Hazard ratio (95%CI)	P value
Age (yr)				0.060
< 60	76	16.7	8.4
≥ 60	72	25.8	19.7
Gender				0.898
Male	123	22.1	13.8
Female	25	15.5	16.3
Albumin (g/dL)				0.080
< 4.0	78	20.8	12.7
≥ 4.0	50	24.1	22.5
Platelet count (× 104/mm3)				0.627
< 10	30	12.7	20.0
≥ 10	118	14.4	21.5
Indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (%)				0.709
< 15	71	22.2	18.7
≥ 15	77	20.2	11.7
Alpha-fetoprotein (mg/dL)				< 0.001		< 0.001
< 100	82	29.3	25.8		1
≥ 100	66	11.3	7.7		1.950 (1.369 - 2.776)
Preoperative TACE				0.452
Performed	79	18.9	12.7
Not performed	69	23.7	18.4
Number of tumors				0.390
Single	66	25.4	11.5
Multiple	82	17.6	16.3
Growth pattern				0.688
Expanding growth	125	22.3	16.3
Infiltrating growth	23	19.0	8.4
Capsule				0.677
Absent	31	27.8	10.8
Present	117	19.5	14.4
Serosal invasion				0.854
Negative	128	22.0	16.3
Positive	20	15.8	8.4
Portal vein invasion				0.417
Absent	68	21.7	18.1
Present	80	20.5	10.4
Surgical margin				0.799
Negative	135	20.7	14.4
Positive	13	27.3	6.1
Underlying liver disease				0.266
Others	71	23.9	19.7
Cirrhosis	77	18.6	11.4
Tumor size (mm)				0.025
< 30	47	32.6	25.4
≥ 30	101	16.2	10.1
Bile duct tumor thrombosis				0.515
Absent	132	20.4	14.4
Present	16	26.7	8.6
Stage				0.389
II	118	23.1	16.3
III	30	13.8	6.7

5yrDFS: Cumulative 5-yr disease free survival; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization.