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©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 14, 2014; 20(46): 17532-17540
Published online Dec 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i46.17532
Published online Dec 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i46.17532
Table 1 Summary of clinical parameters of the patients with carcinoma of pancreas (n = 127)
Clinical parameters | n (%) |
Pain | 93 (73.2) |
Jaundice | 83 (65.4) |
Anorexia | 106 (83.5) |
Wt. Loss | 107 (84.3) |
Diabetes | 38 (30.0) |
Chronic pancreatitis history | 17 (13.4) |
Common bile Duct dilated | 84 (66.0) |
Main Pancreatic Duct dilated | 98 (77.2) |
Locally advanced disease | 87 (68.5) |
Lymphatic invasion | 50 (39.4) |
Vascular encasement | 59 (46.5) |
Metastasis | 52 (41.0) |
Resectability | 25 (19.6) |
Chemotherapy | 59 (46.5) |
Table 2 Comparison of survival between groups in patients with carcinoma of pancreas (n = 127)
Parameters | No. of cases | Death n (%) | Median survival in months (95%CI) | P value1 |
Age(yr): | ||||
< 55 | 58 | 46 (80.0) | 5 (3.1-6.8) | 0.313 |
≥ 55 | 69 | 54 (78.2) | 7 (4.9-9.0) | |
Sex: | ||||
Male | 88 | 70 (80.4) | 6 (4.9-7.0) | 0.682 |
Female | 39 | 30 (77.0) | 5 (2.1-7.9) | |
Tumor mass (cm): | ||||
≥ 2 | 101 | 82 (81.0) | 6 (4.5-7.4) | 0.202 |
< 2 | 26 | 18 (72.0) | 5 (2.1-7.8) | |
Vascular encasement: | ||||
No | 65 | 46 (71.8) | 6 (3.7-8.3) | 0.003 |
Yes | 62 | 53 (86.8) | 4 (2.4-5.5) | |
Locally advanced: | ||||
No | 39 | 28 (73.6) | 8 (5.1-10.8) | 0.008 |
Yes | 88 | 72 (81.8) | 5 (3.3-6.6) | |
Lymphatic invasion: | ||||
No | 73 | 55 (76.3) | 6 (4.5-7.5) | 0.231 |
Yes | 54 | 45 (85.0) | 6 (4.0-8.0) | |
Metastasis: | ||||
No | 74 | 55 (74.3) | 9 (7.0-11.0) | 0.001 |
Yes | 53 | 45 (86.5) | 3 (2.0-4.0) | |
Surgery: | ||||
No | 102 | 81 (79.4) | 6 (4.7-7.2) | 0.349 |
Yes | 25 | 20 (80.0) | 6 (4.4-7.5) | |
Chemotherapy: | ||||
Yes | 73 | 57 (79.0) | 6 (4.2-7.7) | 0.602 |
No | 54 | 43 (79.6) | 4 (1.1-6.8) | |
Stage: | ||||
I + II | 48 | 35 (72.9) | 9 (5.5-12.4) | 0.004 |
III + IV | 79 | 66 (83.5) | 5 (3.3-6.6) | |
Cathepsin L: | ||||
Low ( ≤ 5 ng/mL) | 54 | 38 (70.3) | 9 (6.7-11.2) | 0.004 |
High (> 5 ng/mL) | 73 | 63 (86.3) | 4 (2.5-5.4) |
Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratio for study parameters (Cox Regression)
Parameters | No. of patients | Deaths n (%) | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
Unadjusted | P value | Adjusted | P value | |||
HR | HR | |||||
(95%CI) | (95%CI) | |||||
Age (yr) | ||||||
< 55 | 58 | 46 (80.0) | 1 | - | - | |
≥ 55 | 69 | 54 (78.2) | 0.8 | 0.337 | ||
(0.55-1.22) | ||||||
Sex | ||||||
Male | 88 | 70 (80.4) | 1 | - | - | |
Female | 39 | 30 (77.0) | 0.9 | 0.720 | ||
(0.60-1.42) | ||||||
Tumor mass (cm) | ||||||
< 2 | 26 | 18 (72.0) | 1 | - | - | |
≥ 2 | 101 | 82 (81.0) | 1.3 | 0.234 | ||
(0.8-2.2) | ||||||
Vascular encasement | - | |||||
No | 65 | 46 (71.8) | 1 | - | ||
Yes | 62 | 53 (86.8) | 1.7 | 0.007 | ||
(1.16-2.61) | ||||||
Locally advanced | ||||||
No | 39 | 28 (73.6) | 1 | - | - | |
Yes | 88 | 72 (81.8) | 1.7 | 0.014 | ||
(1.12-2.76) | ||||||
Lymphatic invasion | ||||||
No | 73 | 55 (76.3) | 1 | - | - | |
Yes | 54 | 45 (85.0) | 1.3 | 0.232 | ||
(0.85-1.89) | ||||||
Metastasis | ||||||
No | 74 | 55 (74.3) | 1 | - | - | |
Yes | 53 | 45 (86.5) | 2.1 | 0.001 | ||
(1.4-3.1) | ||||||
Surgery | ||||||
No | 102 | 81 (79.4) | 1 | - | - | |
Yes | 25 | 20 (80.0) | 0.79 | 0.380 | ||
(0.48-1.3) | ||||||
Stage | ||||||
I + II | 48 | 35 (72.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
III + IV | 79 | 66 (83.5) | 1.7 | 0.008 | 1.7 | 0.008 |
(1.1, 2.7) | (1.1-2.6) | |||||
Cathepsin L | ||||||
Low ( ≤ 5 ng/mL) | 54 | 38 (70.3) | 1 | 1 | 0.010 | |
High (> 5 ng/mL) | 73 | 63 (87.5) | 1.7 | 0.010 | 1.7 | |
(1.15-2.25) | (1.1-2.5) |
Table 4 Association of cathepsin L in tissue and blood (n = 25)
Cathepsin L in blood | P value | ||
Low ( ≤5 ng/mL) | High (> 5 ng/mL) | ||
Cathepsin L in tissue low (0-4 scores) | 0 | 3 | 0.706 |
Cathepsin L in tissue high (5-8 scores) | 4 | 18 |
- Citation: Singh N, Das P, Gupta S, Sachdev V, Srivasatava S, Datta Gupta S, Pandey RM, Sahni P, Chauhan SS, Saraya A. Plasma cathepsin L: A prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20(46): 17532-17540
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i46/17532.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i46.17532