Appropriate treatment strategies improve survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombus

Table 1 Clinical and pathological characteristic of 338 patients n (%)

	Conservative treatment (n = 75)	TACE (n = 86)	Hepatic resection(n = 90)	Hepatic resection with TACE (n = 87)	P value
Gender male	69 (92)	80 (93)	81 (90)	79 (90)	0.381
female	6 (8)	6 (6.9)	9 (10.4)	8 (10)
Age (yr)	49.5 ± 8.7	45.6 ± 10.2	49.3 ± 10.7	44.2 ± 11.1	0.714
Child Pugh classification A	69	78	84	84	0.601
B	6	8	6	3
AFP (ng/mL) ≥ 400	27	38	48	39	0.704
< 400	48	48	42	48
HBsAg (+)	21	18	12	15	0.702
(-)	54	68	78	72
Tumor number = 1	48	32	51	51	0.124
> 1	27	54	39	36
Tumor size (cm)	7.5 ± 2.1	6.5 ± 2.7	6.9 ± 1.6	6.2 ± 2.5	0.168
Tumor location					0.319
Left lobe	21	24	27	18
Right lobe	36	42	39	54
Left and right lobe	15	18	21	15
Caudate lobe	3	2	3	0
Tumor thrombus location					0.528
Left branch	24	34	30	33
Left branch extending to main trunk	6	6	6	3
Right branch	33	32	36	39
Right branch extending to main trunk	6	4	9	3
Left and right branch extending to main trunk	6	10	9	9
Portal vein diameter (cm)					0.161
< 1.3	30	48	48	48
≥ 1.3	45	38	42	41

TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization.

Table 2 Mean survival periods and survival rates of different groups

Groups	Mean survival periods (mo)	1 yr survival rate	2 yr survival rate	3 yr survival rate
Conservative treatment	3.8	0%	0%	0%
TACE	7.0	17.5%	0%	0%
Hepatic resection	8.2	28%	20%	15%
Hepatic resection with TACE	15.1	49%	37%	19%

TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization.

Table 3 Factors affecting the survival status of hepatocellular carcinoma patients with portal vein tumor thrombus

	Mean survival periods (mo)	P value
Tumor thrombus location		0.012
First branch	8.3 ± 2.1
Branch extending to main trunk	14.5 ± 3.6
Number of postoperative TACE cycles		< 0.0001
0	8.2 ± 1.3
1-2	15.1 ± 2.4
≥ 3	21.6 ± 4.1

TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization.