Robotic surgery of the pancreas

Table 1 Outcomes of robot assisted pancreatoduodenectomy

Ref.	n	OR time (mean)	EBL (mean)	LOS (mean)	RO	LN harvest (mean)	Conversion	Fistula	Morbidity	Mortality
Giullianotti et al[40]	60	421	394	22 (5-85)	Italy: 100%	Italy: 21	18%	31.30%	NR	1.5%1
					United States: 89%	United States: 15
Buchs et al[46]	41	431.5	389	12.7	NR	NR	4.80%	19.50% (4A/3B/1C)	39%	2.40%
Narula et al[20]	5	420	NR	9.6	NR	16	37.50%	0	NR	0%
Zhou et al[24]	8	718	153	16.4	100%	NR	0%	25%	NR	0%
Zeh et al[47]	50	568	350	10	89%	18	16%	20%	26% I/II	2%
								(5A/2B/4C)	30% III/IV
Chalikonda et al[22]	30	476	485	9.79	100%	13.2	10%	6.60%	30%	3%
Lai et al[23]	20	491.5	247	13.7	73.30%	10	5%	35%	50%	0%
Zureikat et al[36]	132	527	NR	10	NR	NR	8%	17%	41% I/II	30 d: 2%
								(12A/5B/5C)	22% III/IV	90 d: 5%

¹Included other pancreatic cases. NR: Not recorded; LOS: Length of stay; EBL: Estimated blood loss; LN: Lymph node; OR: Operating.

Table 2 Outcomes of robot assisted distal pancreatectomy

Ref.	n	OR time (mean)	EBL	LOS (mean)	Conversion	Fistula	Morbidity	Mortality
Waters et al[35]	17	298	279	4	12%	0	18%	0
Kang et al[48]	20	298	372	7.18	NR	NR	10%	0
Daoudi et al[32]	30	293	212	6.1	0	46% (6A/4B/4C)	46% I/II 20% III/IV	0
Giulianotti et al[40]	46	331	323	9.3	6.5%	20.9%	NR	NR
Zureikat et al[36]	83	256	NR	6	2%	43% (22A/10B/4C)	60%	0

NR: Not recorded; LOS: Length of stay; EBL: Estimated blood loss; LN: Lymph node; OR: Operating.