Molecular targeting to treat gastric cancer

Table 1 Clinical trial of trastuzumab

Patients	Phase	Treatment	n	OS (m)	PFS (m)	RR
Advanced HER-positive gastric cancer as first line (TOGA)	III	5-FU + cisplatin or capecitabine + cisplatin	290	11.1	5.5	34.5%
		5-FU + cisplatin + trastuzumab or capecitabine + cisplatin + trastuzumab	294	13.8	6.7	47.3%

OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free-survival; RR: Response rate; 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil.

Table 2 Clinical trials of sunitinib

Patients	Phase	Treatment	n	OS (m)	PFS (m)	TTP (m)	RR	DCR
Pretreated patients with advanced gastric cancer	II	Sunitinib	51	5.8	1.28	N/A	3.9%	20.0%
Second line treatment for advanced gastric cancer	II	Sunitinib	78	6.8	2.3	2.3	2.6%	34.7%
Unresectable or metastatic advanced gastric cancer after failed treatment with fluoropyrimidine + platinum	II	Docetaxel	49	6.6	N/A	2.6	14.3%	51.0%
		Docetaxel + sunitinib	56	8.0	N/A	3.9	41.1%	75.0%

DCR: Disease control rate; N/A: Not available; OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free-survival; RR: Response rate; TTP: Time to progression.

Table 3 Clinical trials of bevacizumab

Patients	Phase	Treatment	n	OS (m)	PFS (m)	TTP (m)	RR
Metastatic or unresectable gastric and GEJ adenocarcinoma	II	Irinotecan + cisplatin + bevacizumab	47	12.3	N/A	8.3	65%
Previously untreated metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma	II	Docetaxel + fluorouracil + bevacizumab	44	16.8	12	N/A	67%
First-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AVAGASTA)	III	Capecitabine + cisplatin	387	10.1	5.3	37.4	N/A
			387	12.1	6.7	46	N/A
First-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AVAGASTA)	III	Capecitabine + cisplatin + bevacizumab

GFJ: Gastroesophageal junction; N/A: Not available; OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free-survival; RR: Response rate; TTP: Time to progression.

Table 4 Clinical trial of lapatinib

Patients	Phase	Treatment	n	OS (m)	PFS (m)	RR
Second-line treatment for HER2+ advanced gastric cancer (TYTAN)	III	Paclitaxel	129	8.9	4.2	9%
		Paclitaxel + lapatinib	132	11.0	5.2	27%

OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free-survival; RR: Response rate; HER2: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.

Table 5 Clinical trials of everolimus

Patients	Phase	Treatment	n	OS (mo)	PFS (mo)	RR	DCR
Previously treated metastatic gastric cancer	II	Everolimus	53	10.1	2.7	0%	54.7%
Second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer (GRANITE-1)	III	Placebo	217	4.34	1.41	2.1%	N/A
		Everolimus	439	5.39	1.68	4.5%	N/A

DCR: Disease control rate; N/A: Not available; OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free-survival; RR: Response rate; TTP: Time to progression.

Table 6 Clinical trial of ramucirumab

Patient	Phase	Treatment	n	OS (mo)	PFS (mo)	RR	DCR
Second-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer or GEJ adenocarcinoma (REGARD)	III	BSC	117	3.8	1.3	2.6%	23.1%
		Ramucirumab	238	5.2	2.1	3.4%	48.7%

BSC: Best supportive care; DCR: Disease control rate; GFJ: Gastroesophageal junction; OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free-survival; RR: Response rate.

Table 7 Clinical trials of cetuximab and panitumumab

Patients	Phase	Treatment	n	OS (m)	PFS (m)	RR	DCR
Previously untreated advanced gastric cancer (EXPAND)	III	Capecitabine + cisplatin	449	10.7	5.6	29%	71%
		Capecitabine + cisplatin + cetuximab	455	9.4	4.4	30%	73%
Untreated metastatic or locally advanced oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (REAL 3)	III	EOC (epirubicin + oxaliplatin + capecitabine)	275	11.3	6.0	42%	63%
		Modified dose EOC + panitumumab	278	8.8	7.4	46%	64%

DCR: Disease control rate; N/A: Not available; OS: Overall survival; PFS: Progression-free-survival; RR: Response rate.