Amifostine enhances the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of UW and HTK preservation solutions

Table 1 Pathological changes after hepatectomy

Groups	Time	n	SD		CLHC		BD		FC
			(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)	(+)	(-)
RL	0 h	8	1	7	2	6	1	7	0	8
	6 h	8	2	6	4	4	2	6	0	8
	12 h	8	5	3	7	1	4	4	1	7
RL + A	0 h	8	2	6	2	6	0	8	0	8
	6 h	8	1	7	0	8	2	6	0	8
	12 h	8	3	5	4	4	2	6	0	8
HTK	0 h	8	1	7	0	8	0	8	1	7
	6 h	8	4	4	4	4	1	7	0	8
	12 h	8	3	5	4	4	2	6	1	7
HTK + A	0 h	8	0	8	0	8	0	8	0	8
	6 h	8	2	6	1	7	0	8	0	8
	12 h	8	1	7	2	6	1	7	1	7
UW	0 h	8	1	7	0	8	0	8	0	8
	6 h	8	4	4	4	4	0	8	1	7
	12 h	8	3	5	3	5	1	7	1	7
UW + A	0 h	8	0	8	0	8	0	8	0	8
	6 h	8	1	7	1	7	0	8	0	8
	12 h	8	1	7	1	7	0	8	0	8

SD: Sinusoidal dilatation; CLHC: Centrilobular hydropic change; BD: Hepatocyte balooning degeneration; FC: Fatty change; RL + A: Ringer Lactate + amifostine; HTK: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate; UW: University of Wisconsin.

Table 2 Distribution of apoptotic cells detected with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining

Groups	n	0 h	6 h	12 h
RL	8	148 ± 26	185 ± 22	229 ± 41
RL + A	8	144 ± 25	166 ± 24	172 ± 24
P value		0.40	0.36	0.05
HTK	8	111 ± 30	144 ± 46	169 ± 42
HTK + A	8	101 ± 19	126 ± 16	133 ± 14
P value		0.45	0.45	0.04
UW	8	100 ± 23	115 ± 25	158 ± 24
UW + A	8	90 ± 16	100 ± 21	116 ± 18
P value		0.42	0.44	0.01

RL + A: Ringer Lactate + amifostine; HTK: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate; UW: University of Wisconsin.

Table 3 Intergroup comparisons after inducible nitric oxide syntetase grading

Time	G	RL	RL + A	HTK	HTK + A	UW	UW + A
		n = 8	n = 8	n = 8	n = 8	n = 8	n = 8
0 h	0	0	3	4	4	7	6
	I	3	2	2	4	0	1
	II	3	2	2	0	1	1
	III	2	1	0	0	0	0
P value		0.590		0.26		0.24
6 h	0	0	1	1	3	1	4
	I	4	0	5	4	6	3
	II	4	6	2	1	1	1
	III	0	1	0	0	0	0
P value		0.055		0.02		0.51
12 h	0	1	1	0	2	0	2
	I	0	2	1	4	3	5
	II	1	4	5	1	3	1
	III	6	2	2	1	2	0
P value		0.030		0.05		0.04

N: Number of rats; G: Inducible nitric oxide syntetase grade; RL + A: Ringer Lactate + amifostine; HTK: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate; UW: University of Wisconsin.

Table 4 Intergroup comparison of nitric oxide levels in liver preservation solutions

Groups	n	0 h	6 h	12 h
RL	8	0.79 ± 0.22	1.15 ± 0.24	1.78 ± 0.26
RL + A	8	0.73 ± 0.18	1.26 ± 0.18	1.34 ± 0.23
P value		0.690	0.61	0.022
HTK	8	0.64 ± 0.19	1.09 ± 0.19	1.71 ± 0.15
HTK + A	8	0.71 ± 0.19	0.80 ± 0.10	1.04 ± 0.13
P value		0.590	0.06	0.016
UW	8	0.81 ± 0.18	1.02 ± 0.34	1.31 ± 0.98
UW + A	8	0.46 ± 0.21	0.60 ± 0.14	0.69 ± 0.13
P value		0.033	0.01	0.020

RL + A: Ringer Lactate + amifostine; HTK: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate; UW: University of Wisconsin.

Table 5 Alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase levels after hepatectomy

Groups	0 h		6 h		12 h
	ALP	ALT	ALP	ALT	ALP	ALT
RL	2.6 ± 1.9	17.6 ± 9.8	55.9 ± 7.5	90.4 ± 16.2	82.1 ± 7.8	370.1 ± 73.8
RL + A	1.9 ± 0.8	15.8 ± 7.4	25.0 ± 3.3	84.4 ± 14.1	44.0 ± 6.0	309.5 ± 46.1
HTK	1.1 ± 0.3	19.4 ± 6.4	33.1 ± 6.2	60.6 ± 7.1	50.4 ± 6.5	172.6 ± 22.5
HTK + A	1.9 ± 1.3	23.4 ± 8.4	25.4 ± 3.5	41.4 ± 2.8	35.3 ± 4.2	110.9 ± 9.8
UW	1.3 ± 0.4	27.8 ± 7.5	32.0 ± 4.6	59.1 ± 5.9	46.9 ± 6.2	188.3 ± 76.5
UW + A	2.1 ± 2.2	16.6 ± 5.1	22.6 ± 5.3	41.6 ± 6.6	28.3 ± 5.6	80.0 ± 7.5

ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ALT: Alanine Aminotransferase; RL + A: Ringer Lactate + amifostine; HTK: Histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate; UW: University of Wisconsin.