Hepatocellular carcinoma review: Current treatment, and evidence-based medicine

Table 1 Surgical resection vs radiofrequency ablation

Ref.	5-yr recurrence free survival		5-yr overall survival		1-yr recurrence-free survival		1-yr overall survival		Tumor number	n (SR, RFA)		Mean tumor size (cm)		Patients (n)		Study design	Year
Hasegawa et al[43]	N/A		SR: 71.1%	RFA: 61.1%	N/A		N/A		1 (83, 73)	2 (13%, 20%)	3 (3%, 7%)	SR: 2.3	RFA: 2.0	SR: 5361	RFA: 5548	Cohort study	2013
Tohme et al[44]	SR: 34%	RFA: 28%	SR: 47%	RFA: 35%	SR: 66%	RFA: 68%	SR: 88%	RFA: 86%	1 (78, 78)	2 (20%, 18%)	3 (2%, 3%)	SR: 3.07	RFA: 2.36	SR: 50	RFA: 60	Cohort study	2013
Feng et al[42]	N/A		N/A		SR: 90.6%	RFA: 86.2%	SR: 96%	RFA: 93.1%	1 (62, 57)	2 (38%, 43%)		SR:	_	SR: 84	RFA: 84	RCT	2012
Huang et al[41]	SR: 51.3%	RFA: 28.6%	SR: 75.6%	RFA: 54.7%	SR: 85.2%	RFA: 81.7%	SR: 98.2%	RFA: 86.9%	1 (77, 73)	2 (20%, 26%)	3 (3%, 1%)	≤ 5	_	SR: 115	RFA: 115	RCT	2010
Hasegawa et al[45]	N/A		N/A		N/A		SR: 98.3%	RFA: 98.5%	1 (84, 72)	2 (12%, 21%)	3 (3%, 7%)	SR: 2.2	RFA: 2.0	SR: 2857	RFA: 3022	Cohort study	2008
Chen et al[46]	N/A		N/A		SR: 86.6%	RFA: 85.9%	SR: 93.3%	RFA: 95.8%	1 (100%, 100%)			≤ 5	_	SR: 90	RFA: 71	RCT	2006
Lü et al[47]	N/A		N/A		SR: 82.4%	RFA: 78.5%	SR: 91.3%	RFA: 93.5%	1 (96, 4)	> 1 (88%, 12%)		3.2	_	SR: 54	RFA: 51	RCT	2006
Chen et al[48]	N/A		N/A		N/A		SR: 93.2%	RFA: 92.8%	1 (100%, 100%)			≤ 5	_	SR: 65	RFA: 47	RCT	2005

N/A: Not applicable; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; SR: Surgical resection.

Table 2 Phase III clinical trials of systemic targeted agents

Ref.	Year	Patients (n)	Overall survival (mo)
Llovet et al[82]	2008	Sorafenib: 299	Sorafenib: 10.7
(SHARP trial)		Placebo: 303	Placebo: 7.9
Cheng et al[83]	2009	Sorafenib: 150	Sorafenib: 6.5
(NCT00492752)		Placebo: 76	Placebo: 4.2
Zhu et al[100]	2012	Sorafenib: 358	Sorafenib: 8.5
(SEARCH trial)		Sorafenib +	Sorafenib +
		Erlotinib: 362	Erlotinib: 9.5
Cheng et al[99]	2013	Sorafenib: 544	Sorafenib: 10.2
(SUN1170 trial)		Sunitinib: 530	Sunitinib: 7.9
Cainap et al[101]	2013	Sorafenib: N/A	Sorafenib: 9.8
(LIGHT trial)		Linifanib: N/A	Linifanib: 9.1
Johnson et al[95]	2013	Sorafenib: 578	Sorafenib: 9.9
(BRISK-FL trial)		Brivanib: 577	Brivanib: 9.5
Llovet et al[94]	2013	Brivanib: 263	Brivanib: 9.4
(BRISK-PS trial)		Placebo: 132	Placebo: 8.3