Hepatitis B and C virus reactivation in immunosuppressed patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Virologic and clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection in patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing immunosuppressive therapy

Ref.	Disease	Age/sex	HBsAg status	HBV-DNA before therapy	Anti-TNFα	Contemporary drugs	LAM prophylaxis	HBV-DNA reactivation	Biochemical reactivation
Esteve et al[66]	CD	34 M	+ IC	NA	IFX	AZT	No	Yes	ALT 2089
								10.400 pg/mL	AST 1561
	CD	38 M	+ IC	NA	IFX	AZT	No	Yes	ALT 2225
								9000 pg/mL	AST 2146
	CD	26 M	+ CH	Positive	IFX	AZT	Yes	No	No
del Valle et al[61]	CD	40 M	+ CH	Positive	IFX	AZT	No	No worsening	No
				3.9 × 105 copies/mm3
Ueno et al[64]	CD	28 F	+ IC	NA	IFX	AZT	No	Yes	ALT 43
								4.5 LEG/mL	AST 64
Millonig et al[12]	CD	50 M	+ IC	Positive	IFX	AZT	No	Yes	ALT 983/50
				20 IU/mL				38000000 UI/mL	AST 413/50
Colbert et al[10]	CD	54 M	+ IC	NA	IFX	AZT	No	Yes	ALT 124
								1.604 pg/mL	AST 143
Madonia et al[13]	CD	41 F	- OC	NA	IFX	Steroids	No	Yes	ALT × 10 UNL
									AST × 6 UNL
Ojiro et al[63]	CD	43 F	+ IC	NA	IFX	AZT	No	Yes	ALT 239
								5.4 LGE/mL	AST 145
Zeitz et al[11]	UC	43 M	NA	NA		Steroids + AZT	No	Yes	ALT 3396
								110000000 UI/mL	AST 2193

CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative Colitis; IC: Inactive carrier; OC: Occult carrier; NA: Not available; CH: Chronic hepatitis; IFX: Infliximab; AZT: Azathioprine; LGE: Logarithm genome equivalent; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; TNFα: Tumor necrosis factor alpha; LAM: Lipoarabinomannan.

Table 2 Reactivation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing immunosuppressive therapy

Ref.	HBsAg+	HBcAb+	HCV+
Loras et al[60]	9/25	0/65	8/51
Morisco et al[65]	1/6	1/4	1/10
Papa et al[54]	0/1	0/22	0/4

HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; HBcAb: Hepatitis B core antibody; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.