Review
Copyright ©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2014; 20(1): 100-109
Published online Jan 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i1.100
Table 1 Summary of follow up recommendations including imaging for patients with colorectal cancer
Ref.History and physicalCEAAbdominal imagingPelvic CTChest imagingColonoscopySigmoidoscopy
NCCN 2010[3]Q3-6m for 2 yr then Q6m for 3 yrQ3-6m for 2 yr then Q6m for 3 yrCT annual 3-5 yrAnnually 3-5 yr for rectal cancer patientsCT annually 3-5 yr1 yr then as clinically indicated
PEBC 2010[4] Stage IIb-IIIQ6m for 3 yr then annual for 2 yrQ6m for 3 yr then annual for 2 yrUS Q6m for 3 yr then annual for 2 yrCXR Q6m for 3 yr then annual for 5 yrYearly as long as polyps are found. If no polyps repeat 3-5 yr
ESMO 2010[5]Colon Q3-6m for 3 yr then Q6-12m for 2 yrRectal Q6m for 2 yrColon CT or contrast enhanced US Q6-12m for 3 yrRectal CT 1 and 3 yrColon CT Q6-12m for 3 yrRectal CT 1 and 3 yr after surgeryColon Q1 yr then Q3-5 yrRectal Q5 yrRectal Q3-6m for 1 yr then Q6-12m
BSG/ACGBI 2010[6]CT within 2 yr5 yr after surgery then 5 yr intervals
ACS 2006[7] Stage II or III12m, then at 3 yr and 5 yr
ASCO 2005[8] Stage II or IIIQ3-6m for 3 yr then at physicians discretionQ3m for at least 3 yrCT annual for 3 yrConsider for rectal cancer patientsCT annual for 3 yrCXR not recommendedAt 3 yr, if normal then Q5 yrQ6m for rectal cancer patients who have not received pelvic radiation
Australia NHMRC 2005[9]Q3-6m for 2 yr then Q6-12m thereafterQ3-6m with clinical reviewCT recommended No scheduleCT recommended No scheduleCT recommendedNo scheduleQ3-5 yr initially then Q3-5 yrRectal Q3-6m then Q6-12m
ASCRS/SPTF 2004[10]Q4m for 2 yrQ4m for 2 yrNot recommendedCXR: insufficient evidence3 yr after surgery then Q3 yr
NZGG 2011[11]Q6m for 2 yr then yearly to 5 yr3-5 yr after surgery then Q3-5 yrRectal Q6m for 2 yr then yearly to 5 yr
CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CT: Computed tomography.
Table 2 Characteristics of studies included for qualitative analysis
Ref.Study yearCountryStudy sizeInterventionStudy type
BEIR VII report[15]2006United StatesComprehensive review of all relevant biological, physical and epidemiological radiation data
Pearce et al[21]2012United Kingdom178604 for leukaemia and 176587 for brain tumour analysis respectivelyCT scanRetrospective
Woo et al[22]2012Canada1424Pulmonary CT angiographyRetrospective
Meer et al[23]2012United StatesTwo 4-yr cohorts of 5267230 and 5555345CT scanRetrospective
Muchow et al[24]2012United States617Cervical spine multidirectional CTRetrospective
Huda et al[25]2012United StatesCT scan simulation
Perisinakis et al[26]2012GreeceTriple-rule-out 256-slice CT angiography simulation
Zondervan et al[27]2012United States25104Chest and abdomino-pelvic CT scanRetrospective
van Walraven et al[28]2011Canada2569Abdomino-pelvic CT scanRetrospective
Kuhns et al[29]2011United StatesCT scan simulation
Davis et al[30]2011United States205 cases, 333 controlsSurvey asking ionizing radiation exposureCase-control
Berrington de González et al[31]2011United StatesCT colonography simulation
Li et al[32]2011United StatesCT scan simulation
Huda et al[33]2011United StatesCardiac CT angiography simulation
Adams et al[34]2010United States7490Chest radiotherapyProspective cohort
Noor et al[35]2011United Kingdom202Plain X-ray, CT scan, nuclear medicine procedures, cardiac proceduresRetrospective
Perisinakis et al[19]2010GreeceCoronary CT angiography simulation
Faletra et al[36]2010Switzerland72964-slice coronary CT angiographyProspective
Feng et al[37]2010ChinaCT scan simulation
Richards et al[38]2010United KingdomSpine CT simulation
Kim et al[39]2010United StatesCone beam CT simulation in a paediatric population
Smith-Bindman et al[40]2009United States1119CT scanRetrospective
Berrington de González et al[41]2009United States57 million CT scansCT scanRetrospective
Raelson et al[42]2009United States68NeuroangiographyRetrospective
Kim et al[43]2009United StatesMulti-detector CT scan simulation
King et al[44]2009United StatesTwo cohorts of 240 participants respectivelyCT scanRetrospective
Sodickson et al[45]2009United States31462CT scanRetrospective
Griffey et al[46]2009United States130CT scanRetrospective
Huang et al[47]2009Hong KongFluorine 18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT scan simulation
Einstein et al[48]2008United States16-slice CT coronary angiography simulation
Chodick et al[49]2007Israel17686 CT scansCT scanRetrospective
Beyan et al[50]2007Turkey15Radiologic imaging studies in diagnosis and follow-up of Hodgkin’s lymphomaRetrospective
Berrington de González et al[51]2007United StatesCT scan simulation
Blettner et al[52]2007GermanyGlioma and meningioma-747 cases, 1535 controls. Acoustic neuroma-97 cases, 202 controlsInterviews collecting data on diagnostic X-ray examinations, radiotherapy, CT scans, scintigrams and angiographiesCase-control
Einstein et al[53]2007United States64-slice CT coronary angiography simulation
de Jong et al[54]2006NetherlandsCT scan simulation
Brenner et al[55]2004United StatesCT scan simulation
Berrington de González et al[56]2004United KingdomFrequency of X-ray exposure estimated using worldwide survey of medical radiation use between 1991-1996Diagnostic X-raysRetrospective
CT: Computed tomography.