Risk prediction of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma in the era of antiviral therapy

Table 1 Risk prediction models of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Ref.	No. of participants/validation	Parameters of HCC prediction	Risk weights for parameters	Range of weights	Year of risk prediction
Lee et al[32], 2013	2227/1113	Age	[0-6]	0-19	5, 10 and 15
		Sex	[0-2]
		ALT	[0-2]
		Family Hx of HCC	[0-2]
		HBeAg/HBV DNA/	[0-7]
		HBsAg/Genotype
Wen et al[12], 2012	1298051	Age	M1, 2, 3, 4: [0-6]	M1: -1-12	5 and 10
		Sex	M1, 2: [0-2], M3, 4: [0-1]
		Smoking	M1, 3, 4: [0-1]	M2: 0-23
		Alcohol	M1, 3, 4: [0-1]
		Physical activity	M1, 3, 4: [-1-0]	M3: -1-23
		DM	M1: [0-2], M3, 4: [0-1]
		ALT	M2: [0-2], M3, 4: [0-1]	M4: -1-30
		AST	M2: [0-13], M3: [0-12],
			M4: [0-7]
		HBV	M4: [0-4]
		AFP	M4: [0-8]
Yang et al[30], 2011	3584/1505	Age	[0-6]	0-17	3, 5 and 10
		Sex	[0-2]
		ALT	[0-2]
		HBeAg	[0-2]
		HBV DNA	[0-5]
Yang et al[31], 2010	2435/1218	Age	M1, 2, 3: [0-6]	M1: 0-17	5 and 10
		Sex	M1, 2, 3: [0-2]
		Alcohol	M1: [0-1], M2, 3: [0-2]	M2: 0-20
		ALT	M1: [0-3], M2: [0-2], M3: [0-1]
		Family Hx of HCC	M1, 2, 3: [0-2]	M3: 0-20
		HBeAg	M1: [0-3]
		HBeAg/HBV DNA	M2: [0-6]
		HBeAg/HBV DNA/Genotype	M3: [0-7]
Wong et al[29], 2010	1005/424	Age	[0-3]	0-43.5	5 and 10
		Alb	[0-20]
		Bil	[0-1.5]
		HBV DNA	[0-4]
		Cirrhosis	[0-15]
Yuen et al[11], 2009	2820	AgeSexHBV DNACore promoter mutations Cirrhosis	With core promoter mutationsAge (in years) + 16 sex (male = 1; female = 0) + 3 HBV DNA levels (Log copies/mL) + 19 core promoter mutations (mutant = 1; wild-type = 0) + 30 cirrhosis (presence = 1; absence = 0)Without core promoter mutationsAge (in years) + 14 sex (male = 1; female = 0) + 3 HBV DNA levels (Log copies/mL) + 33 cirrhosis (presence = 1; absence = 0)	-	5 and 10

¹The number of participants in a subcohort without hepatitis C virus test results was 298051, with being randomly and equally split into a training set and a validation set.

²The risk score was assessed by the leave-one-out cross-validation. HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; DM: Diabetes mellitus; AFP: Alfa fetoprotein; Bil: Bilirubin; Alb: Albumin; M: Model.