Investigation of relationships among gastroesophageal reflux disease subtypes using narrow band imaging magnifying endoscopy

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease patients and healthy controls n (%)

	HC	GERD
		GERD	NERD	RE	BE
Number of subjects	40	120	40	40	40
Gender (male: female)	16:24	66:54	12:28	32:8	22:18
Mean age, yr (SD)	47.7 ± 2.20	52.9 ± 1.09	52.2 ± 1.72	51.4 ± 1.73	55.1 ± 2.17
Mean BMI (SD)	22.3 ± 0.55	23.6 ± 0.36	23.5 ± 0.56	24.2 ± 0.72	23.1 ± 0.60
Mean courses, mo (SD)	-	26 ± 32.3	33 ± 5.4	24 ±4.4	21 ± 5.4
Scores of RDQ (SD)	-	16 ± 5.2	18 ± 0.8	15 ±0.7	16 ± 0.5
No. of patients with bile regurgitation	6 (15)	22 (18.3)	10 (25)	12 (30)	0 (0)
No. of patients with hiatus hernia	18 (45)	72 (60)	18 (45)	26 (65)	28 (70)

GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; RE: Reflux esophagitis; BE: Barrett's esophagus; NERD: Nonerosive reflux disease; HC: Healthy controls; BMI: Body mass index; RDQ: Reflux Disease Questionnaire.

Table 2 Narrow band imaging magnifying endoscopic findings in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients and healthy controls n (%)

NBI magnification findings	HC	GERD
		GERD	NERD	RE	BE
Patients with abnormality	28 (70)	118 (98.3)a	40 (100)	38 (95)	40 (100)
IPCLs increased	8 (20)	94 (78.3)a	32 (80)	32 (80)	30 (75)
IPCLs prolonged	14 (35)	62 (51.7)	24 (60)	18 (45)	20 (50)
IPCLs dilated	8 (20)	34 (28.3)	10 (25)	12 (30)	12 (30)
IPCLs tortuous	0 (0)	2 (1.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)	2 (5)
Microerosions	0 (0)	50 (41.7)a	14 (35)b	24 (60)	12 (30)b
Round pit pattern below SCJ	28 (70)	14 (11.7)	4 (10)	8 (20)	2 (5)
Non-round pit pattern below SCJ	12 (30)	106 (88.3)a	36 (90)	32 (80)	38(95)

^aP < 0.05 vs healthy control;

^bP < 0.05 vs RE patients. NBI: Narrow band imaging; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; RE: Reflux esophagitis; BE: Barrett's esophagus; NERD: Nonerosive reflux disease; HC: Healthy controls; IPCLs: Intrapapillary capillary loops; SCJ: Squamocolumnar junction.

Table 3 Intrapapillary capillary loops/field in gastroesophageal reflux disease patients and healthy controls

IPCLs/field	HC	GERD
		GERD	NERD	RE	BE
Maximum (SD)	144 ± 4.7	228 ± 4.8	229 ± 7.8	233 ± 8.2	220 ± 9.3
Minimum (SD)	103 ± 4.4	171 ± 3.8	162 ± 5.6	178 ± 6.7	174 ± 7.1
Average (SD)	119 ± 3.9	199 ± 3.9	193 ± 5.7	208 ± 6.8	195 ± 7.7

GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; RE: Reflux esophagitis; BE: Barrett's esophagus; NERD: Nonerosive reflux disease; HC: Healthy controls; IPCLs: Intrapapillary capillary loops.