Cooperative inhibitory effect of sinomenine combined with 5-fluorouracil on esophageal carcinoma

Table 1 Inhibitory effect of sinomenine and 5-Fluorouracil on esophageal carcinoma tumor volume in nude mice

Group	n	Volume (mm3)	Inhibition rate (%)
SIN	6	161.94 (40.96)bd	64.68
5-FU	6	129.82 (16.39)bd	71.68
SIN + 5-FU	6	40.27 (5.55)d	91.22
Control	6	540.20 (66.04)

Data presented as mean (SD) and are expressed as inhibition rate (%) = (1 - mean of tumor volume of tests/mean of tumor volume of control) × 100%. There were 6 mice per group.

^bP < 0.05, significantly different from SIN + 5-FU group;

^dP < 0.05, significantly different from control group. SIN: Sinomenine; 5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil.

Table 2 Inhibitory effect of sinomenine and 5-Fluorouracil on esophageal carcinoma tumor weight in nude mice

Group	n	Weight (g)	Inhibition rate (%)
SIN	6	0.218 (0.061)bd	63.10
5-FU	6	0.225 (0.088)bd	61.97
SIN + 5-FU	6	0.098 (0.066)d	83.38
Control	6	0.593 (0.070)

Data presented as mean (SD) and are expressed as inhibition rate (%) = (1 - mean of tumor weight of tests/mean of tumor weight of control) × 100%. There were 6 mice per group.

^bP < 0.05, significantly different from SIN + 5-FU group;

^dP < 0.05, significantly different from control group. SIN: Sinomenine; 5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil.

Table 3 Effect of sinomenine combined with 5-Fluorouracil or alone on hepatic and renal function

Group	ALT (U/L)	AST (U/L)	Urea (μmol/L)	Cr (μmol/L)
SIN	45.50 (7.37)	143.67 (28.82)	8.18 (2.04)	16.63 (3.41)
5-FU	45.33 (6.02)	145.33 (18.53)	8.04 (1.20)	15.73 (4.30)
SIN + 5-FU	46.17 (7.17)	146.83 (19.55)	8.28 (1.44)	16.68 (2.68)
Tumor control	45.83 (3.76)	144.67 (17.32)	7.98 (0.70)	16.74 (4.46)
Normal control	46.00 (5.00)	145.17 (11.27)	8.09 (1.03)	16.29 (4.51)

Data presented as mean (SD), with n = 6 mice/group. Groups were treated as follows: SIN (25 mg/kg); 5-FU (12 mg/kg); SIN (25 mg/kg) + 5-FU (12 mg/kg); Tumor control (saline of equal volume); Normal control. No differences were observed in ALT, AST, Urea, and Cr among the groups (P > 0.05). SIN: Sinomenine; 5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; Cr: Serum creatinine.