Prevalence and risk factors of gallbladder polypoid lesions in Chinese petrochemical employees

Table 1 Population characteristics (n = 10461) n (%)

Characteristics	Male (n = 7331)	Female (n = 3130)
Age, mean ± SD (range) (yr)	46.0 ± 13.2 (21-87)	48.6 ± 12.4 (20-90)
Age distribution (yr)
20-29	551 (7.5)	113 (3.6)
30-39	2221 (30.3)	736 (23.5)
40-49	1903 (26.0)	896 (28.6)
50-59	1506 (20.5)	776 (24.8)
60-69	621 (8.5)	374 (11.9)
≥ 70	529 (7.2)	235 (7.5)
Smoking	2878 (39.3)	20 (0.6)
Alcohol consumption	1910 (26.1)	39 (1.2)
Concomitant condition
Hypertension	3459 (47.2)	1093 (34.9)
Diabetes mellitus	368 (5.0)	162 (5.2)

Table 2 Prevalence, age distribution and gender of patients with post-cholecystectomy, gallstones and polypoid lesions of the gallbladder in 10461 examinees n (%)

Age group (yr)	Examinees		Post-cholecystectomy			Gallstones			PLGs
	Male	Female	Male	Female	P value	Male	Female	P value	Male	Female	P value
20-29	551	113	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	-	4 (0.7)	0 (0.0)	1.000	22 (4.0)	1 (0.9)	0.153
30-39	2221	736	4 (0.2)	6 (0.8)	0.019	40 (1.8)	22 (3.0)	0.051	201 (9.0)	31 (4.2)	< 0.001
40-49	1903	896	9 (0.5)	4 (0.4)	0.322	79 (4.2)	50 (5.6)	0.093	190 (10.0)	49 (5.5)	< 0.001
50-59	1506	776	6 (0.4)	18 (2.3)	< 0.001	94 (6.2)	53 (6.8)	0.588	142 (9.4)	53 (6.8)	0.035
60-69	621	374	11 (1.8)	11 (2.9)	0.223	58 (9.3)	42 (11.2)	0.337	38 (6.1)	15 (4.0)	0.151
≥ 70	529	235	6 (1.1)	15 (6.4)	< 0.001	68 (12.9)	33 (14.0)	0.545	27 (5.1)	8 (3.4)	0.300
Total	7331	3130	36 (0.5)	54 (1.7)	< 0.001	343 (4.7)	200 (6.4)	< 0.001	620 (8.5)	157 (5.0)	< 0.001

PLG: Polypoid lesions of the gallbladders.

Table 3 Characteristics of the 9828 remaining subjects with and without polypoid lesions of the gallbladders

Variables	With PLG (n = 777)	Without PLG (n = 9051)	P value
Age (yr), ≥ 30/< 30	754/23	8414/637	< 0.001
Sex, male/female	620/157	6332/2719	< 0.001
Smoking	245 (32.7)	2487 (27.5)	0.002
HBsAg positive	96 (12.4)	842 (9.3)	0.005
Alcohol consumption	166 (21.4)	1686 (18.4)	0.061
History of hypertension	140 (18.0)	1615 (17.8)	0.903
History of diabetes	27 (3.5)	428 (4.7)	0.110
Body mass index (kg/m2)	23.2 ± 2.8	23.0 ± 3.0	0.384
Waist circumference (cm)	80.3 ± 8.4	80.0 ± 9.2	0.472
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	122.0 ± 14.8	122.2 ± 15.4	0.655
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	77.7 ± 10.0	77.7 ± 9.9	0.992
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.2 ± 1.0	5.3 ± 1.0	0.128
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	3.1 ± 0.8	3.1 ± 0.8	0.475
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.4 ± 0.4	1.5 ± 0.4	0.119
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.4 ± 1.0	1.5 ± 1.1	0.490
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	4.8 ± 0.8	4.8 ± 0.8	0.773
Uric acid (μmol/L)	339.0 ± 77.1	336.3 ± 84.5	0.398

Data are expressed as absolute numbers (percentage) or mean ± SD. HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; PLG: Polypoid lesions of the gallbladders.

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression analysis for polypoid lesions of the gallbladders

Variables	B1	OR	95%CI	P value
Sex (male)	0.587	1.799	1.472-2.199	< 0.001
Age (yr)
≥ 30	0.993	2.699	1.762-4.133	< 0.001
30-59	1.078	2.938	1.914-4.511	< 0.001
≥ 60	0.697	2.009	1.243-3.245	0.004
HBsAg (+)	0.318	1.374	1.097-1.721	0.006

¹Regression coefficient. The dependent variable was the presence or absence of polypoid lesions of the gallbladders. The covariates include sex, age ≥ 30 years (divided into age 30-59 years and ≥ 60 years), body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m², systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥ 85 mmHg, fasting blood glucose ≥ 5.6 mmol/L, triglyceride level ≥ 1.7 mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥ 1.03 mmol/L in men or ≥ 1.29 mmol/L in women, and waist circumference ≥ 90 cm in men or ≥ 80 cm in women. HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen.