Comparison of double pants with single pants on satisfaction with colonoscopy

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population n (%)

	CSP (n = 80)	NDP (n = 80)	P value
Age (yr)	59.1 ± 11.4	59.4 ± 11.7	0.847
20 ≤ age < 40	3 (3.8)	5 (6.2)
40 ≤ age < 60	38 (47.5)	43 (53.8)
age ≥ 60	39 (48.7)	32 (40)
Gender			0.210
Male	41 (51.3)	45 (56.3)
Female	39 (48.7)	35 (43.7)
Marital status			> 0.999
Married	75 (93.8)	76 (96.0)
Single or divorced	5 (6.2)	4 (4.0)
Education			0.320
Middle school	20 (25.0)	13 (16.2)
High school	31 (38.8)	28 (35.0)
University	22 (27.5)	32 (40.0)
Graduate school	7 (8.7)	7 (8.8)
Residence			0.609
Urban	73 (91.3)	70 (87.5)
Rural	7 (8.7)	10 (12.5)
ASA status			0.896
Class I	32 (40)	36 (45.0)
Class II	48 (60)	44 (55.0)
Class III	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Class IV	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Class V	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)

CSP: Conventional single pants; NDP: Novel double pants; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Endoscopic characteristics of study population n (%)

	CSP (n = 80)	NDP (n = 80)	P value
Indication of colonoscopy			0.260
Abnormality on other study	2 (2.5)	4 (5.0)
Stool occult blood positive	9 (11.2)	13 (16.2)
Screening	47 (58.8)	42 (52.5)
Anemia	0.0 (0)	1.0 (1.2)
Diarrhea	3(3.8)	4 (5.0)
Surveillance after polyp removal	6 (7.5)	11 (13.8)
Abdominal pain	13 (16.2)	5 (6.3)
Ottawa Quality Scale	3.9 ± 2.5	4.3 ± 2.8	0.382
Procedural time (min)
Insertion	10.7 ± 8.5	8.6 ± 5.5	0.059
Withdrawal	12.8 ± 6.2	11.8 ± 5.5	0.309
Number of polyp	1.1 ± 1.8	0.8 ± 1.5	0.266
Number of examinees with polyps	47 (58.8)	42 (52.5)	0.525
Method of polyp removal			0.521
Biopsy	25 (52.1)	22 (56.4)
Snaring polypectomy	15 (31.3)	8 (20.5)
Endoscopic mucosal resection	8 (16.6)	9 (23.1)
Adverse events
Bleeding	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Perforation	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	-
Cecal approach	80 (100)	80 (100)	-
Pain scale1	3.5 ± 2.7	3.7 ± 2.4	0.719
Genders between examinee and endoscopist			0.525
Same gender	42 (52.5)	47 (58.8)
Different gender	38 (47.5)	33 (41.2)

Data are expressed as absolute numbers (percentage) or mean ± SD.

¹Examinees’ pain during colonoscopy was assessed after the procedure and scored from 0 to 10 using a face pain scale (0-very happy, no pain, 2-hurts just a little bit, 4-hurts a little more, 6-hurts even more, 8-hurts a lot, 10-hurts as much as you can imagine; don’t have to be crying to feel this much pain). CSP: Conventional single pants; NDP: Novel double pants.

Table 3 Comparison of satisfaction rated by Group Health Association of America 9 survey by favorable response rate and likert scale, pants specific satisfaction, state anxiety and shame after colonoscopy between novel double pants and conventional single pants

	FRR, n (%)			Likert scale (mean ± SD)
	CSP	NDP	P value	CSP	NDP	P value
GHAA9
Appointment wait time	73 (91.3)	72 (90.0)	> 0.999	3.7 ± 0.7	3.6 ± 0.9	0.351
Waiting on procedure day	74 (92.5)	76 (95.0)	0.746	3.8 ± 0.8	3.9 ± 0.8	0.649
Personal manner of physician	78 (97.5)	79 (98.8)	> 0.999	4.4 ± 0.6	4.4 ± 0.6	0.712
Technical skills of physician	74 (92.5)	76 (95.0)	0.746	4.1 ± 0.8	4.1 ± 0.7	0.564
Personal manner of support staff	77 (96.3)	78 (97.5)	> 0.999	4.3 ± 0.7	4.0 ± 0.5	0.546
Adequacy of explanation of what was done	74 (92.5)	78 (97.5)	0.276	4.0 ± 0.6	4.0 ± 0.5	0.902
Overall rating of visit	75 (93.8)	74 (92.5)	> 0.999	3.9 ± 0.6	3.9 ± 0.6	0.806
Yes/No questions
Would have procedure by same physician: Yes	78 (97.5)	77 (96.3)	> 0.999
Would have procedure at same facility: Yes	79 (98.8)	79 (98.8)	> 0.999
Pants specific satisfaction
Difficulty in defecation				3.7 ± 0.5	3.8 ± 0.4	0.106
Difficulty in position change				3.7 ± 0.5	3.8 ± 0.3	0.175
Worriness about exposing buttock area in procedure				3.3 ± 0.7	2.9 ± 0.7	< 0.001
Will to wear same pants at next colonoscopy				2.1 ± 0.9	3.3 ± 0.8	< 0.001
Will to recommend to other people to wear same pants				2.0 ± 1.0	3.3 ± 0.7	< 0.001
Before colonoscopy
Total scores of trait anxiety				39.2 ± 8.8	39.4 ± 8.2	0.904
Total scores of state anxiety				37.9 ± 8.2	39.9 ± 8.8	0.144
After colonoscopy
Total scores of state anxiety				35.4 ± 6.9	33.0 ± 7.0	0.028
Total scores of shame				8.1 ± 3.2	6.6 ± 1.5	< 0.001
Change of state anxiety before and after the procedure				-2.4 ± 7.6	-6.9 ± 8.4	0.001

The scores on pants-specific satisfaction ranged between 5 and 20, and the scores of the trait and state anxiety questionnaire range between 20 and 80. The scores on the body shame questionnaire ranged between 6 and 24. A score of more than 3 of Likert scale was considered a FRR (Excellent: 5; Very Good: 4; Good: 3; Fair: 2; Poor: 1). Likert scale: Excellent: 5; Very Good: 4; Good: 3; Fair: 2; Poor: 1. Scores of pants specific satisfaction, Not at all: 1; A little: 2; Moderately: 3; Very much: 4. CSP: Conventional single pants; NDP: Novel double pants; GHAA9: Group Health Association of America 9; FRR: Favorable response rate.

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of pants specific satisfaction after colonoscopy

Predictive factors	Outcome (pants specific satisfaction)				Outcome (state anxiety after colonoscopy)				Outcome (shame after colonoscopy)
	Univariate		Multivariate		Univariate		Multivariate		Univariate		Multivariate
	B (SE)	P value	B (SE)	P value	B (SE)	P value	B (SE)	P value	B (SE)	P value	B (SE)	P value
Sex
Male	Ref.				Ref.		Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Female	0.04 (0.36)	0.913			4.29 (1.06)	0.913	3.52 (1.14)	0.002	1.31 (0.40)	0.001	1.25 (0.37)	0.001
Age	-0.02 (0.01)	0.104			0.01 (0.04)	0.104			-0.01 (0.01)	0.928
Marital status
Married	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.		Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Unmarried	-1.6 (0.7)	0.033	-1.82 (0.61)	0.004	4.48 (2.40)	0.033	4.45 (2.22)	0.047	2.79 (0.87)	0.002	2.78 (0.81)	0.001
Education
Middle school	Ref.				Ref.				Ref.
High school	-0.04 (0.49)	0.931			-1.81 (1.53)	0.931			-0.01 (0.57)	0.998
University	0.27 (0.50)	0.506			-2.64 (1.55)	0.506			0.22 (0.58)	0.697
Graduate school	0.57 (0.73)	0.430			-2.50 (2.24)	0.430			0.15 (0.84)	0.853
Type of pants
CSP	Ref.		Ref.		Ref.		Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
NDP	2.70 (0.29)	< 0.001	2.72 (0.28)	< 0.001	-2.43 (1.10)	< 0.001	-1.80 (1.04)	0.086	-1.47 (0.39)	< 0.001	-1.37 (0.37)	0.001
Residence
Rural area	Ref.				Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Urban area	-0.46 (0.58)	0.430			4.2 (1.7)	0.430	4.68 (1.70)	0.007	0.93 (0.67)	0.165
Genders between examinee and endoscopist
Same gender	Ref.				Ref.		Ref.		Ref.
Different gender	-0.36 (0.36)	0.308			3.90 (1.07)	< 0.001	1.45 (1.15)	0.209	0.65 (0.41)	0.115

CSP: Conventional single pants; NDP: Novel double pants.