D2 dissection in laparoscopic and open gastrectomy for gastric cancer

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the two groups

Variable	LAG (n = 131)	OG (n = 78)	P value
Sex (male:female)	88:43	52:26	0.940
Age (yr)	59.5 ± 12.9	60.6 ± 10.3	0.523
Operation time (min)	259.1 ± 58.6	213.9 ± 37.6	0.000
Blood loss (mL)	111.1 ± 83.7	230.1 ± 96.8	0.000
Types of resections
PG + D2	33	17	0.856
DG + D2	64	40
TG + D2	34	21
Stages
I (Ia:Ib)	29 (9:20)	12 (6:6)	0.253
II (IIa:IIb)	28 (14:14)	13 (2:11)
III (IIIa:IIIb:IIIc)	74 (33:21:20)	53 (10:19:24)

P values were calculated by independent-sample t test or by χ² test as appropriate. LAG: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy; OG: Open gastrectomy; PG + D2: Radical proximal gastrectomy with D2 dissection; DG + D2: Radical distal gastrectomy with D2 dissection; TG + D2: Radical total gastrectomy with D2 dissection.

Table 2 Number of harvested lymph nodes in different types of radical resections

Groups	Number	Mean ± SD	P value
LAG	131	26.1 ± 11.4	0.233
OG	78	24.2 ± 9.3
PG + D2	50	21.9 ± 8.1	0.000
DG + D2	104	24.4 ± 10.0
TG + D2	55	30.3 ± 12.3

P values were calculated by independent-sample t test. HLNs: Harvested lymph nodes; LAG: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy; OG: Open gastrectomy; PG + D2: Radical proximal gastrectomy with D2 dissection; DG + D2: Radical distal gastrectomy with D2 dissection; TG + D2: Radical total gastrectomy with D2 dissection.

Table 3 Comparison of number of harvested lymph nodes between laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy and open gastrectomy

Types of resections	Number	Mean ± SD	P value
PG + D2
LAG	33	21.7 ± 7.5	0.770
OG	17	22.4 ± 9.3
DG + D2
LAG	64	25.7 ± 11.0	0.091
OG	40	22.3 ± 7.9
TG + D2
LAG	34	30.9 ± 13.4	0.653
OG	21	29.3 ± 10.4

P values were calculated by independent-sample t test. HLNs: Harvested lymph nodes; LAG: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy; OG: Open gastrectomy; PG + D2: Radical proximal gastrectomy with D2 dissection; DG + D2: Radical distal gastrectomy with D2 dissection; TG + D2: Radical total gastrectomy with D2 dissection.

Table 4 Postoperative complications in the two groups

Complications	LAG (n = 131)	OG (n = 78)	P value
Delayed gastric emptying	5	3
Lymphatic leakage	3	2
Anastomotic leakage	2	1
Large pleural effusions	1
Anastomotic bleeding	1
Acute myocardial infarction	1
Total (%)	13 (9.9)	6 (7.7)	0.587

P value was calculated by χ² test. LAG: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy; OG: Open gastrectomy.