Liver-protecting effects of omega-3 fish oil lipid emulsion in liver transplantation

Table 1 Clinical data of the enrolled patients

	PN group	PUFA group
Sex (M/F)	23/10	22/11
Age, yr	48.62 ± 14.61	51.52 ± 12.41
Clinical diagnosis
Hepatic cell carcinoma	13	14
Post- hepatitis B liver cirrhosis	17	18
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis	1	0
Primary biliary liver cirrhosis	1	1
Congenital polycystic liver	1	0
Child-Pugh classification (A/B/C)	14/10/9	13/10/10
Warm ischemic time (min)	3.91 ± 1.16	4.15 ± 1.32
Cold ischemic time (min)	524.28 ± 132.83	506.56 ± 151.26
Operation period (min)	651.27 ± 181.42	626.39 ± 192.86
Anhepatic phase (min)	119.81 ± 82.35	142.15 ± 58.75
Immunosuppressive therapy	22/11/0	21/11/1
(FK506 + P/CSA + P/CSA + P + MMF)

PN: Parenteral nutrition; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid; P: Prednisone; CSA: Ciclosporin A; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; FK506: Tacrolimus.

Table 2 Effect of parenteral nutritional support with Omega-3 fatty acids on liver function

	Normal value	Group	Day 1	Day 2	Day 9	Decrease (Day 2-Day 9)
ALT (U/L)	5-40	PN group	198.16 ± 117.13	401.32 ± 215.35	155.16 ± 108.41b	246.16 ± 175.21
		PUFA group	227.16 ± 121.17	410.98 ± 201.64	101.82 ± 71.24b	299.16 ± 189.17c
AST (U/L)	8-40	PN group	95.12 ± 61.79	203.25 ± 73.49	82.16 ± 46.16b	121.09 ± 53.14
		PUFA group	115.62 ± 81.27	185.12 ± 42.16	68.81 ± 24.32b	116.31 ± 42.19
TB (μmol/L)	5-20.5	PN group	92.16 ± 42.15	158.32 ± 65.41	71.12 ± 55.12a	87.20 ± 61.12
		PUFA group	116.82 ± 61.65	160.34 ± 68.24	66.41 ± 61.52b	93.93 ± 45.49
DB (μmol/L)	1.7-6.8	PN group	52.15 ± 32.95	76.46 ± 31.28	40.24 ± 26.69b	36.22 ± 21.63
		PUFA group	47.39 ± 27.19	81.25 ± 26.32	38.51 ± 19.87b	42.74 ± 17.36
LDH (U/L)	109-245	PN group	266.25 ± 132.42	476.25 ± 98.15	357.15 ± 192.52a	119.10 ± 69.72
		PUFA group	226.45 ± 172.24	416.38 ± 151.14	260.26 ± 111.32b	156.12 ± 89.20
PT (s)	10-15	PN group	18.76 ± 3.21	17.16 ± 4.05	14.62 ± 3.87a	2.54 ± 1.15
		PUFA group	19.12 ± 4.16	17.81 ± 3.82	12.17 ± 3.69b	5.64 ± 2.06c

PN: Parenteral nutrition; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; TB: Total bilirubin; DB: Direct bilirubin; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; PT: Prothrombin time.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs day 2;

^cP < 0.05 vs PN group.

Table 3 Effect of parenteral nutritional support with Omega-3 fatty acids on numerical score of portal inflammation

Group	Day 0	Day 9
PN group	3.3 ± 0.5	2.7 ± 0.9
PUFA group	3.6 ± 0.4	1.8 ± 0.6a

PN: Parenteral nutrition; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid.

^aP < 0.05 vs PN group.

Table 4 Effect of parenteral nutritional support with Omega-3 fatty acids on clinical outcome

	PN group	PUFA group
Post-transplant mechanical ventilation (h)	12.1 ± 5.1	10.8 ± 5.4
Post-transplant hospital stay (d)	20.6 ± 4.6	18.7 ± 4.0a
Infectious morbidities	6/33	3/33a
Acute/chronic rejection	0/33	0/33
ICU mortality	0/33	0/33
Hospital mortality	0/33	0/33
28-d mortality	0/33	0/33
One-year mortality	3/33	1/33

PN: Parenteral nutrition; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acid; ICU: Intensive care unit.

^aP < 0.05 vs PN group.