Levofloxacin/amoxicillin-based schemes vs quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in second-line

Table 1 Demographic data of patients, extracted from the published papers (n = 9)

Ref.	Pts	Days of tp	Test confirming infection	Test confirming eradication	Age (yr)		Male (%)		Smokers (%)		Clinic (%)
					L+ A	Q	L + A	Q	L + A	Q	L + A	Q
Nista et al[21]	140	10	UBT and/or biopsy	UBT	47 ± 10	48 ± 10	47	49	NA	NA	UD = 37; DD = 33; RD = 30	UD = 40; DD = 34; RD = 26
Perri et al[29]	113	7	UBT	UBT	46 ± 16	45 ± 15	48	47	17	20	N = 63; OE = 3; G = 9; GU = 3; D = 10;   DU = 9; O = 3	N = 67; OE = 5; G = 2; GU = 0; D = 19; DU = 5; O = 2
Bilardi et al[39]	90 (40)	10	UBT and/or biopsy	UBT	56 ± 10	54 ± 13	30	35	64	52	NA	NA
Gisbert et al[28]	500 (150)	7-10	UBT	UBT	48 ± 131		391		231		FD = 76; DU = 241
Lee et al[80]	126 (23)	7	Rapid urea test	UBT	50 ± 141		631		241		GU = 44; DU = 32; GA = 11; A = 3; F = 1; FD = 9
Wong et al[19]	106 (61)	7	Rapid urea test and/or biopsy	UBT	47 ± 121	45 ± 131	441	421	201	191	N = 64; E = 6; GU = 6; DU = 24	N = 77; E = 8; GU = 0; DU = 15
Zhang et al[37]	95	7			49		NA	NA	NA	NA	GU/DU = 24; G = 62; GA = 14
Jung et al[42]	76	7	Rapid urea test and/or UBT	Rapid urea test or UBT	48 ± 12	50 ± 10	58	58	NA	NA	GU = 39; DU = 32; GA = 10; G = 19	GU = 38; DU = 33; GA = 18; G = 11
Kuo et al[41]	166	7	Rapid urea test and/or biopsy or culture	Rapid urea test and/or biopsy or UBT	50 ± 12	49 ± 14	53	48	14	12	GU = 23; DU = 41; G = 36	GU = 25; DU = 40; G = 35

¹Demographic data were reported together for both arms. In studies including patients after failure of more than one therapy, extrapolated data on patients pre-treated in second-line are reported in parenthesis; in those cases demographic data are referred to the entire study population. Pts: Patients (total number); L + A: Levofloxacin/amoxicillin-based therapy; Days of therapy (tp): Duration of L + A scheme; UBT: Urea breath test; Q: Quadruple standard therapy; UD: Ulcer-like dyspepsia; DD: Dysmotility-like dyspepsia; RD: Reflux-like dyspepsia; N: Normal; OE: Esophagitis; G: Gastritis; GU: Gastric ulcer; D: Duodenitis; O: Other; FD: Functional dyspepsia; DU: Duodenal ulcer; A: Adenoma; E: Erosion; GA: Gastric atrophy; F: Family history; NA: Not available.

Table 2 Levofloxacin-based second-line therapies vs quadruple bismuth-based regimens for Helicobacter pylori treatment

Ref.	Ethnicity	Scheme	Success					Side effects			Discontinuing therapy because of side effects
			Yes	Total	Completing	ITT %	PP %	Yes	Total	%	Yes	Total	%
Nista et al[21]	Caucasian	LAR (10 d; L: 500 mg OD)	66	70	70	94.3	94.3	7	70	10.0	0	70	0.0
		Q07	44	70	64	62.9	68.8	15	70	21.4	5	70	7
Perri et al[29]	Caucasian	LAP (7 d; L: 500 mg OD)	37	58	56	63.8	66.1	3	58	5.2	1	58	1.7
		Q07	46	55	51	83.6	90.2	17	55	30.9	3	55	5.5
Orsi et al1[38]	Caucasian	LAR (12 d; L: 500 mg OD)	43	50	47	86.0	89	4	47	8.5	NA	NA	NA
		Q07	44	50	44	88.0	91	11	44	25	NA	NA	NA
Bilardi et al[39]	Caucasian	LAP (10 d; L: 250 mg BD)	16	23	NA	69.6	NA	-	-	-	1	44
		Q07	6	17	NA	35.3	NA	-	-	-	1	46
Nista et al1[35]	Caucasian	LAE (10 d; L: 500 mg OD)	26	30	30	86.7	86.7	-	-	-
		Q07	25	35	31	71.4	80.6	-	-	-
Nista et al1[36]	Caucasian	LAR (10 d; L: 500 mg OD)	42	46	46	91.3	91.3	-	-	-
		LAR (7 d; L: 500 mg OD)	37	50	50	74.0	74.0	-	-	-
		Q07	34	50	46	68	73.9	-	-	-
Gisbert et al[28]	Caucasian	LAO (7 or 10 d; L: 500 mg BD)	83	112	NA	74	NA	39	112	34.8	NA	NA	NA
		Q07	21	38	NA	55	NA	6	38	15.8	NA	NA	NA
Wong et al1[44]	Asian	LALa (7 d; L: 500 mg BD)	21	33	NA	63.6	NA	-	-	-
		Q07	22	30	NA	73.3	NA	-	-	-
Lee et al[80]	Asian	LAR (10 d; L: 200 mg BD)	5	9	8	55.6	62.5	-	-	-
		Q07	4	14	10	28.6	40.0	-	-	-
Wong et al[19]	Asian	LALa (7 d; L: 500 mg BD)	19	31	NA	61.3	NA	18	542	33.3	NA	NA	NA
		Q07	26	30	NA	86.7	NA	21	522	40.4	NA	NA	NA
Zhang et al[43]	Asian	LAE (7 d; L: 500 mg OD)	42	49	NA	85.7	NA
		Q07	30	44	NA	68.2	NA
Zhang et al[37]	Asian	LAE (7 d; L: 500 mg OD)	42	48	46	87.5	91.3	7	48
		Q07	33	47	34	70.2	97.0	15	47
Jung et al[42]	Asian	LAP (7 d; L: 300 mg BD)	16	31	30	51.6	53.3	3	30	10.0	0	31	0.0
		Q07	22	45	35	48.9	62.9	11	35	31.4	1	45	2.2
Kuo et al[41]	Asian	LAE (7 d; L: 500 mg OD)	58	83	77	69.9	75.3	10	80	12.5	1	83
		Q07	53	83	63	63.9	84.1	25	71	35.2	5	83

¹Data arisen from abstract publication;

²side effects calculated on the entire study population (not stratified for number of failed previous therapy). L: Levofloxacin; OD: Once daily; BD: Twice daily; LA/La: Levofloxacin/Lansoprazole; ITT: Intention-to-treat eradication rates; PP: Per-protocol; NA: Not available; LAR: Levofloxacin/amoxicillin/rabeprazole; LAO: Levofloxacin/amoxicillin/omeprazole; LAE: Levofloxacin/amoxicillin/esomeprazole; LAP: Levofloxacin/amoxicillin/pantoprazole.