Population-based study of DNA image cytometry as screening method for esophageal cancer

Table 1 Number of diploid and aneuploid cells by DNA ploidy analysis based on pathological diagnoses n (%)

DNA ploidy	Pathological diagnoses
	Normal	mD	MD	SD	ESCC
Diploid	244 (72.6)	45 (62.5)	4 (13.8)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Aneuploid	92 (27.4)	27 (37.5)	25 (86.2)	10 (100)	5 (100)
No. of aneuploid cells ≤ 5	90 (26.8)	25 (34.7)	7 (24.1)	1 (10)	0 (0)
No. of aneuploid cells ≤ 10	2 (0.6)	2 (2.8)	2 (6.9)	2 (20)	0 (0)
No. of aneuploid cells ≤ 20	0 (0)	0 (0)	8 (27.6)	5 (50)	2 (40)
No. of aneuploid cells > 20	0 (0)	0 (0)	8 (27.6)	2 (20)	3 (60)
Total	336	72	29	10	5

mD: Mild dysplasia; MD: Moderate dysplasia; SD: Severe dysplasia; ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Table 2 Comparison of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value between liquid-based cytology and DNA ploidy method based on moderate dysplasia or worse as threshold

	Threshold for positivity	Total	Se(%)	Sp(%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)
Cytology	ASCUS+	452	75.00	91.91	50.00	97.15
	LSIL+	452	52.27	99.02	85.19	95.06
	HSIL+	452	18.18	100.00	100.00	91.89
DNA ploidy	At least 1 5cER cell	452	90.91	70.83	25.16	98.63
	At least 2 5cER cell	452	86.36	84.07	36.89	98.28
	At least 3 5cER cell	452	79.55	92.65	53.85	97.67
	At least 4 5cER cell	452	77.27	96.81	72.34	97.53
	At least 5 5cER cell	452	75.00	98.53	84.62	97.34

ASCUS: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance; LSIL: Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; HSIL: High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; Se: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.

Table 3 Sensitivity and specificity of a combination of cytology and DNA image cytometry based on moderate dysplasia or worse as threshold

Cytology or DNA ploidy	Se (%)	Sp (%)
≥ ASCUS or ≥ 1 aneuploid cells	93.18	67.65
≥ ASCUS or ≥ 2 aneuploid cells	88.64	79.41
≥ ASCUS or ≥ 3 aneuploid cells	84.09	85.78
≥ ASCUS or ≥ 4 aneuploid cells	81.82	88.97
≥ ASCUS or ≥ 5 aneuploid cells	81.82	90.69

ASCUS: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance; Se: Sensitivity; Sp: Specificity.