Alcohol consumption in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis

Table 1 Clinical characteristics and drinking habits of 96 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis

	Mean (range)
Age at inclusion (yr)	47 (22-75)
Male sex	63/96
Duration of primary sclerosing cholangitis (yr)	12 (0-30)
Age at primary sclerosing cholangitis diagnosis (yr)	35 (11-65)
Fibroscan value (kPa)	11.1 (2.8-48)
Undergone orthotopic liver transplantation, n (%)	12 (12.5)
Bilirubin (μmol/L)	15.3 (3-82)
Alkaline phosphatase (μkat/L)	2.66 (0.5-12.4)
Phosphatidylethanol (μmol/L)	0.28 (0.1-8.4)
Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (%)	1.01 (0.5-3)
Body mass index (kg/m2)	24.1 (17.2-34.3)
Inflammatory bowel disease (%)	73/96 (76)
Smoking-current user, n (%)	4 (4.2)
Smoking-ex user, n (%)	16 (16.7)
Smoking-never used, n (%)	76 (79.2)
Lifetime drinking habits
Age at first alcohol intake (yr)	17 (12-28)
Lifetime alcohol intake (unit)	3882 (0-20 270)
Yearly alcohol intake, total (unit)	137 (0-1180)
Yearly alcohol intake, before diagnosis (unit)	109 (0-674)
Yearly alcohol intake, after diagnosis (unit)	134 (0-1110)
Total occasions of binge-drinking	294 (0-4054)
Yearly occasions of binge-drinking, total	11.3 (0-165)
Yearly occasions of binge-drinking, before diagnosis	12.0 (0-295)
Yearly occasions of binge-drinking, after diagnosis	8.0 (0-83)

Normal range, laboratory values. Bilirubin: < 26 μmol/L; Alkaline phosphatase: < 1.9 μkat/L; Phosphatidylethanol: < 1.0 μmol/L; Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin: < 2.0%.

Table 2 Comparison of clinical variables and alcohol consumption between patients with and without significant fibrosis

Variable	Non-significant fibrosis (n = 70)	Significant fibrosis (n = 26)	P value
Duration of disease (yr)	10.1 ± 6.8	15.6 ± 7.9	0.019
Age at primary sclerosing cholangitis diagnosis (yr)	36 ± 14	34 ± 13	0.29
Lifetime alcohol intake (unit)	3896 ± 4441	3845 ± 4457	0.44
Yearly alcohol intake, mean (unit)	144 ± 178	117 ± 135	0.27
Total occasions of binge-drinking	331 ± 692	194 ± 341	0.23
Yearly occasions of binge-drinking	12.7 ± 24.7	7.1 ± 13	0.41
Yearly alcohol intake, before diagnosis (unit)	111 ± 129	103 ± 141	0.24
Yearly alcohol intake, after diagnosis (unit)	151 ± 200	88 ± 86	0.26
Yearly binge drinking episodes, before diagnosis	14.9 ± 38.1	4.3 ± 7.3	0.07
Yearly binge drinking episodes, after diagnosis	9.6 ± 18.6	3.6 ± 4.7	0.23
Bilirubin (μmol/L)	11.8 ± 6.8	24.8 ± 23.1	0.015
Alkaline phosphatase (μkat/L)	2.66 ± 2.65	2.66 ± 2.22	0.45
Phosphatidyl ethanol (μmol/L)	0.33 ± 1	0.1 ± 0	0.0016
Carbohydrate deficient transferrin (%)	1.06 ± 0.38	0.88 ± 0.2	0.02
Body mass index (kg/m²)	24.12 ± 3.12	24.02 ± 4.24	0.43