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Copyright ©2012 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 28, 2012; 18(24): 3050-3057
Published online Jun 28, 2012. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i24.3050
Table 1 Studies comparing autoantibody levels between achalasia patients and control subjects
AuthorsTestsAutoantibody, n/N (%)
P value
AchalasiaControl
Storch et al[32]Indirect immunofluorescence37/58 (64)4/54 (7) in healthy< 0.0001
Absent in 12 of Hirschsprung’s disease
Absent in 12 esophageal cancer
Verne et al[33]Double-label Indirect immunofluorescence7/18 (40)Absent in 22 healthy< 0.05
Absent in 9 GERD
Ruiz-de-León et al[34]Indirect immunofluorescence50/92 (54.3)3/40 (7.5)< 0.001
Moses et al[36]Immunohistochemistry23/45 (51)2/22 (9) in healthy control< 0.001
8/16 (50) of GERDNS
Table 2 Studies showing association between achalasia and human leukocyte antigen
AuthorsAlleleAllele frequency, n/N (%)
Pc valueAutoantibody in achalasia, n/N (%)
P value
AchalasiaControlAM positiveAM negative
Ruiz-de-León et al[34]DQA1*010327/92 (29.3)40/275 (14.5)< 0.0222/50 (44)5/42 (20)< 0.02
DQB1*060323/92 (25)33/275 (12)0.0519/50 (38)4/42 (10)0.05
Latiano et al[40]DQB1*0502(10.2)(4.1)0.016Antineuronal antibodies:10/41 (24.4) in achalasiaNone in controlsBoth HLA risk allele and antibody: in one patientNone in controls
DQB1*0601(5.93)(0.51)0.001
DQA1--NS