Factors associated with the overall survival of elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients

	Elderly patients (n = 74 )	Non-elderly patients (n = 212 )	Pvalue
Age (yr) (range)	80.5 (75.4-100.0)	65.8 (46.0-74.8)	-
Male/female (%)	32/42 (43.2/56.8)	146/66 (68.9/31.1)	P < 0.001
Extrahepaticcomorbidity (%)	25 (33.8)	47 (22.2)	P < 0.05
Malignant tumors except HCC	6	12
Cardiovascular	10	15
Renal	3	7
Pulmonary	3	4
Neurological	3	9
Cause of liver dysfunction
HBV (%)	0	20 (9.4)	P < 0.01
HCV (%)	54 (73.0)	155 (73.2)	NS
HBV HCV (%)	0	3 (1.4)	NS
Non-B Non-C (%)	20 (27.0)	34 (16.0)	P < 0.05
Liver damage A/B/C	39/31/4	97/86/29	NS
Stage I/II/III/IV	13/24/23/14	45/71/51/45	NS
mJIS score 0/1/2/3/4/5	9/16/22/18/8/1	24/53/59/36/27/13	NS
Death except hepatic disease/total death	10/35	18/113	NS

NS: Not significant; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; mJIS: Modified Japan Integrated Stage.

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of the relative risks for overall survival

	Univariate analysis relative risk	Pvalue	Multivariate analysis relative risk	Pvalue
Age ≥ 75 yr	1.107	NS	1.161	NS
Gender (male)	1.155	NS	1.135	NS
Comorbid illness	1.335	NS	1.144	NS
HCV+	0.636	< 0.05	1.036	NS
AFP (ng/mL) ≥ 200	2.098	< 0.001	1.229	NS
DCP (mAU/mL) ≥ 200	1.763	< 0.05	1.229	NS
Liver damage
A/B	2.345	< 0.001	2.506	< 0.001
B/C	7.674	< 0.001	10.463	< 0.001
Stage
I/II	3.168	< 0.001	3.126	< 0.001
II/III	3.818	< 0.001	6.323	< 0.001
III/IV	20.064	< 0.001	35.498	< 0.001

NS: Not significant; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AFP: α-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses for overall survival in elderly and non-elderly patients

	Elderly		Non-Elderly
	Univariate analysisPvalue	Multivariate analysisPvalue	Univariate analysisPvalue	Multivariate analysisPvalue
Gender (male)	NS	NS	NS	NS
Comorbid illness	NS	NS	NS	NS
HCV+	NS	NS	< 0.05	NS
AFP (ng/mL) ≥ 200	NS	NS	< 0.001	NS
DCP (mAU/mL) ≥ 200	NS	NS	< 0.05	NS
Liver damage
A/B	NS	NS	< 0.001	< 0.001
B/C	< 0.001	NS	< 0.001	< 0.001
Stage
I/II	NS	< 0.001	< 0.05	< 0.05
II/III	NS	< 0.001	< 0.05	< 0.001
III/IV	NS	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001

NS: Not significant; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; AFP: α-fetoprotein; DCP: Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin.

Table 4 Clinical characteristics of the patients whose modified Japan Integrated Stage score were two or less

	Elderly patients (n = 47 )	Non-elderly patients (n = 136 )	Pvalue
Age (yr) (range)	80.3 (75.4-87.7)	65.8 (46.0-74.8)	-
Male/female (%)	21/26 (43.2/56.8)	89/47 (68.9/31.1)	P < 0.05
Extrahepaticcomorbidity (%)	16 (34.0)	33 (24.3)	NS
Malignant tumors except HCC	5	9
Cardiovascular	5	8
Renal	2	4
Pulmonary	2	4
Neurological	2	8
Cause of liver dysfunction
HBV (%)	0	11 (8.1)	P < 0.05
HCV (%)	37 (78.7)	109 (80.1)	NS
HBV HCV (%)	0	2 (1.5)	NS
non-B non-C (%)	10 (21.3)	14 (10.3)	NS
Liver damage A/B/C	32/14/1	87/45/4	NS
Stage I /II/ III/ IV	13/24/10	45/64/27	NS

NS: Not significant; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus.