HBV infection decreases risk of liver metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer: A cohort study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients included in this study n (%)

Characteristic	Study group	Control group	P
No. of patients	332 (100)	966 (100)
Gender			NS
Male	196 (59.0)	550 (55.0)
Female	136 (41.0)	416 (45.0)
Age (yr)			NS
Median	53	60
Range	16-81	16-87
Depth of tumor invasion1	299 (100)	857 (100)	NS
T1	21 (6.3)	40 (4.1)
T2	38 (11.4)	165 (17.1)
T3	87 (26.2)	264 (27.3)
T4	153 (46.1)	388 (40.2)
Lymph-node metastasis1	295 (100)	843 (100)	NS
N0	160 (48.2)	490 (58.1)
N1	87 (26.2)	216 (25.6)
N2	48 (14.5)	137 (14.2)
Chronic liver dysfunction2	39 (11.7)	65 (6.7)	< 0.05
Albumin (g/dL)	39.4 ± 5.5	39.4 ± 11.1	NS
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	13.0 ± 5.8	12.7 ± 6.7	NS
LDH (IU/L)	191.5 ± 141.7	197.5 ± 164.1	NS
ALP (IU/L)	71.7 ± 35.5	75.6 ± 49.7	NS
GGT (IU/L)	34.7 ± 54.9	35.4 ± 55.9	NS

¹Comparison was made only in 1156 cases after primary tumor resection, including 299 cases in tudy group and 857 cases in control group;

²Chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis was clinically diagnosed according to the findings in serum chemistry, ultrasonography and computed tomography. LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; GGT: γ-glutamyl transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; NS: Not significant.

Table 2 Synchronous and metachronous metastasis in two groups n (%)

Sites of metastasis	Study group (n = 332)	Control group (n = 966)	P value	HR (95% CI)
Liver			< 0.01	0.50 (0.38-0.66)
Yes	47 (14.2)	272 (28.2)
No	285 (85.8)	694 (71.8)
Extrahepatic			< 0.01	1.88 (1.52-2.33)
Yes	106 (31.9)	164 (17.0)
No	226 (68.1)	802 (83.0)

HR: Hazard ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.

Table 3 Synchronous and metachronous metastasis in chronic hepatitis B and control groups n (%)

Metastatic sites	CHB group (n = 37)	Control group (n = 966)	P value	HR (95% CI)
Liver			< 0.01	0.29 (0.12-0.72)
Yes	3 (8.1)	272 (28.2)
No	34 (91.9)	694 (71.8)
Extrahepatic			< 0.01	2.55 (1.77-3.67)
Yes	16 (43.2)	164 (17.0)
No	21 (56.8)	802 (83.0)

CHB: Chronic hepatitis B; HR: Hazard ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.

Table 4 Synchronous and metachronous metastasis in inactive carriers and control group n (%)

Metastatic sites	IC group (n = 108)	Control group (n = 966)	P value	HR (95% CI)
Liver			< 0.01	0.36 (0.22-0.59)
Yes	11 (10.2)	272 (28.2)
No	97 (89.8)	694 (71.8)
Extrahepatic			< 0.01	2.24 (1.66-3.01)
Yes	41 (38.0)	164 (17.0)
No	67 (62.0)	802 (83.0)

IC: Inactive carriers; HR: Hazard ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.

Table 5 Synchronous and metachronous metastasis in resolved hepatitis B and control groups n (%)

Metastatic sites	RHB group (n = 187)	Control group (n = 966)	P value	HR (95% CI)
Liver			< 0.01	0.63 (0.46-0.85)
Yes	33 (17.6)	272 (28.2)
No	154 (82.4)	694 (71.8)
Extrahepatic			< 0.01	1.54 (1.16-2.04)
Yes	49 (26.2)	164 (17.0)
No	138 (73.8)	802 (83.0)

RHB: Resolved hepatitis B; HR: Hazard ratio; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval.

Table 6 Clinical features of liver metastatic lesions in two groups n (%)

Metastatic lesion	Study group	Control group	P value
Number	47	272	< 0.05
Single	17 (36.2)	73 (26.8)
Multiple	30 (63.8)	199 (74.2)
Size (cm)	3.6 ± 2.0	3.9 ± 1.3	NS
Resected	14 (29.8)	43 (15.8)	< 0.05

Size of liver metastatic lesions is expressed as mean ± SD. NS: Not significant.