Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An early mediator predicting metabolic syndrome in obese children?

doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i6.735

Advanced Search

BPG is committed to discovery and dissemination of knowledge

Home / Archive / Volume 17, Issue 6

This Article

Citation of this article

Corresponding Author of This Article

Article-Type of This Article

Open-Access Policy of This Article

Times Cited Counts in Google of This Article

Number of Hits and Downloads for This Article

Total Article Views (6866)

All Articles published online

The chart showing PDF series, HTML series, Figures (1-4) series, Tables (1-4) series.

Item

Count

PDF

598

HTML

5585

Figures (1-4)

426

Tables (1-4)

257

Sum=6866

Feb 14, 2011 (publication date) through Dec 25, 2024

Times Cited of This Article

Times Cited (64)

Journal Information of This Article

Publication Name

World Journal of Gastroenterology

ISSN

1007-9327

Publisher of This Article

Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Original Article

World J Gastroenterol. Feb 14, 2011; 17(6): 735-742
Published online Feb 14, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i6.735

Table 1 Characteristics of 861 obese patients

	Girls (n = 263)	Boys (n = 598)
Age (yr)	10.53 ± 2.26	10.81 ± 1.97
Tanner stage (T1/T2-4)	126/137	287/311
BMI (kg/m²)^a	27.68 ± 4.24	28.38 ± 3.47
BMI Z-score^a	4.31 ± 1.58	3.05 ± 1.16
WHR (waist/hip ratio)^a	0.93 ± 0.07	0.96 ± 0.05
Waist (cm)^a	86.53 ± 11.83	90.91 ± 10.25
Systolic pressure (mmHg)^a	114.47 ± 13.50	117.33 ± 12.55
Diastolic pressure (mmHg)	67.85 ± 9.32	68.99 ± 9.00
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.48 ± 1.01	4.43 ± 0.93
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.79 (0.19-5.17)	1.77 (0.17-10.78)
HDL	1.23 ± 0.28	1.26 ± 0.34
LDL^a	2.69 ± 0.73	2.51 ± 0.68
AI^a	2.30 ± 0.83	2.11 ± 0.74
Uric acid (μmol/L)	377.0 (203.2-705.4)	383.0 (198.2-708.5)
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	4.87 ± 0.58	4.90 ± 0.57
120-min glucose (mmol/L)^a	6.31 ± 1.52	6.01 ± 1.44
HbA1c (%)	5.74 ± 0.57	5.69 ± 0.52
Fasting insulin (mIU/L)^a	17.9 (0.3-303.0)	15.3 (0.3-219.0)
HOMA-IR^a	3.77 (0.07-78.11)	3.33 (0.07-51.59)
WBISI^a	2.59 (0.39-11.90)	3.37 (0.52-24.19)
ALT (U/L)^a	37.5 (8.0-283.0)	29.0 (4.0-561.0)

^aP < 0.05 boys vs girls. Data are expressed as mean ± SD or median (range). BMI: Body mass index; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; AI: Atherogenic index; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; WBISI: Whole-body insulin sensitivity index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.

Table 2 Comparison of prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components among three groups

	Group 0 (n = 274)	NAFLD
	Group 0 (n = 274)	Group 1 (n = 436)	Group 2 (n = 151)
Age (yr)	10.36 ± 2.15	10.59 ± 1.85	10.40 ± 2.28
Sex (M/F)	187/87	305/131	106/45
Tanner stage (T1/T2–4)	130/144	209/227	74/77
BMI	26.88 ± 3.19	28.78 ± 3.96^a	28.85 ± 3.69^a
Hypertension	68 (24.82)	180 (41.28)^a	73 (48.34)^a
Dyslipidemia	42 (15.32)	204 (46.78)^a	116 (76.82)^a^c
Impaired fasting glucose	5 (1.82)	30 (6.88)	20 (13.24)^a^c
IGT	13 (4.74)	38 (8.72)	18 (11.92)^a
Diabetes	0 (0.00)	5 (1.14)	7 (4.63)^a^c
MS	33 (12.04)	128 (29.36)^a	60 (39.74)^a^c

^aP < 0.05 vs group 0;

^cP < 0.05, group 1 vs group 2. Data are expressed as percentage, mean ± SD. NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI: Body mass index; IGT: Impaired glucose tolerance; MS: Metabolic syndrome.

Table 3 Clinical and laboratory data of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease compared with obese children without liver disorder

	Group 0 (n = 274)	NAFLD
		Group 1 (n = 436)	Group 2 (n = 151)
Age (yr)	10.36 ± 2.15	10.59 ± 1.85	10.40 ± 2.28
BMI (kg/m²)	26.58 ± 3.19	28.85 ± 3.69^a	28.78 ± 3.96^a
BMI Z-score	3.17 ± 1.26	3.33 ± 1.37	3.93 ± 1.60^a^c
Waist circumference (cm)	85.63 ± 10.17	91.58 ± 11.24^a	92.2 ± 9.31^a
Father BMI (kg/m²)	25.12 ± 3.68	25.68 ± 5.78	25.55 ± 3.75
Mother BMI (kg/m²)	22.83 ± 3.14	23.46 ± 3.61^a	23.64 ± 3.38^a
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	113.62 ± 11.89	118.30 ± 13.37^a	118.03 ± 12.73^a
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	67.80 ± 9.02	69.00 ± 9.38	69.43 ± 8.67^a
ALT (U/L)	24 (8-74)	29 (4-75)^a	51.5 (76-561)^a^c
Uric acid (μmol/L)	352.9 (186.5-603.20)	365.9 (168.10-708.50)^a	412.5 (7.38-771.30)^a^c
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.4 (0.19-6.76)	1.42 (0.26-5.90)	1.77 (0.28-8.64)^a^c
Cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.37 ± 0.99	4.34 ± 0.87	4.71 ± 0.99^a^c
HDL	1.29 ± 0.39	1.23 ± 0.28	1.22 ± 0.28
LDL	2.52 ± 0.66	2.54 ± 0.68	2.68 ± 0.78
AI	2.07 ± 0.73	2.15 ± 0.70	2.31 ± 0.92^a
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L)	4.82 ± 0.52	4.88 ± 0.69	4.95 ± 0.55^a
30-min OGTT glucose (mmol/L)	7.54 ± 1.17	7.73 ± 1.24	7.69 ± 1.21
120-min OGTT glucose (mmol/L)	5.66 ± 1.36	6.31 ± 1.42^a	6.22 ± 1.63^a
HbA1c (%)	5.70 ± 0.50	5.71 ± 0.53	5.65 ± 0.62
Fasting insulin (mIU/L)	12.7 (0.3-187.0)	17.0 (0.3-219.0)^a	18.2 (2.1-303.0)^a
30-min OGTT insulin (mIU/L)	85.3 (1.8-400.0)	112.0 (0.5-400.0)^a	106.2 (1.6-400.0)^a
120-min OGTT insulin (mIU/L)	36.3 (3.2-400.0)	63.6 (1.7-386.0)^a	69.8 (7.0-400.0)^a
HOMA-IR	2.61 (0.07-41.56)	3.71 (0.08-51.59)^a	3.95 (0.48-78.11)^a
WBISI	4.0 (0.6-16.4)	2.8 (0.9-24.2)^a	2.6 (0.4-16.7)^a

^aP < 0.05 vs group 0;

^cP < 0.05, group 1 vs group 2. Data are expressed as mean ± SD or median (range). NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI: Body mass index; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; AI: Atherogenic index; OGTT: Oral glucose tolerance test; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; WBISI: Whole-body insulin sensitivity index.

Table 4 Metabolic syndrome in obese patients diagnosed by B-ultrasound

	Scale (0) (n = 274)	Scale (1) (n = 105)	Scale (2-3) (n = 482)	P
Hypertension
No	206	54	280
Yes	68	51	202	< 0.05
OR (95% CI)	1.0	2.87 (1.29-6.37)	2.18 (1.27-3.75)
Dyslipidemia
No	232	57	210
Yes	42	48	272	< 0.01
OR (95% CI)	1.0	5.21 (2.23-12.18)	7.99 (4.34-14.73)
Impaired fasting glucose
No	269	102	435
Yes	5	3	47	< 0.05
OR (95% CI)	1.0	1.0 (0.1-9.94)	3.65 (1.04-12.85)
Impaired glucose tolerance
No	261	99	432
Yes	13	6	50	> 0.05
OR (95% CI)	1.0	1.53 (0.27-8.74)	2.9 (0.95-8.87)
Hyperuricacidemia
No	232	81	301
Yes	42	24	181	< 0.01
OR (95% CI)	1.0	1.83 (0.71-4.74)	3.76 (2.03-6.96)
MS
No	241	75	324
Yes	33	30	158	< 0.01
OR (95% CI)	1.0	3.10 (1.20-8.00)	3.77 (1.90-7.47)

MS: Metabolic syndrome; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.

Citation: Fu JF, Shi HB, Liu LR, Jiang P, Liang L, Wang CL, Liu XY. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: An early mediator predicting metabolic syndrome in obese children? World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17(6): 735-742
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v17/i6/735.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v17.i6.735