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©2011 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Dec 7, 2011; 17(45): 4971-4978
Published online Dec 7, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i45.4971
Published online Dec 7, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i45.4971
Table 1 Excess need of health resources before the diagnosis of celiac disease
n | Adult cost (€) | n | Child cost (€) | |
In-patient admission | 2 | 9818 | 1 | 2254 |
Out-patient admission | 1 | 879 | 1 | 586 |
Medical consultations | 3 | 100 | 3 | 150 |
Specialist consultations | 2 | 150 | 1 | 50 |
Lab test | 4 | 446 | 2 | 297 |
Total per patient | 11 393 | 3337 |
Table 2 Populations now and after 10 years
Population | Children 0-14 | Median age (yr) | Population growth rate (%) | Children 0-14 in 10 yr | Total population in 10 yr | |
Albania | 3 619 778 | 853 883 | 29.9 | 0.5 | 901 667 | 3 822 345 |
Algeria | 33 769 669 | 8 878 665 | 26.6 | 1.2 | 9 999 566 | 38 032 972 |
Bosnia | 4 590 310 | 673 770 | 39.8 | 0.3 | 696 962 | 4 748 317 |
Cyprus | 792 604 | 154 445 | 35.5 | 1.7 | 182 623 | 937 214 |
Croatia | 4 491 543 | 708 683 | 41 | -0.1 | 705 006 | 4 468 242 |
Egypt | 81 713 517 | 25 983 672 | 24.8 | 2 | 31 776 575 | 99 931 053 |
France | 64 057 790 | 11 894 698 | 39.4 | 0.5 | 12 564 088 | 67 662 729 |
Greece | 10 722 816 | 1 531 606 | 41.8 | 0.1 | 1 551 169 | 10 859 777 |
Israel | 7 112 359 | 1 989 312 | 29.1 | 1.7 | 2 347 869 | 8 394 303 |
Italy | 58 126 212 | 7 870 226 | 43.3 | 0 | 7 833 314 | 57 853 596 |
Lebanon | 3 971 941 | 1 032 888 | 29.3 | 1.1 | 1 153 096 | 4 434 197 |
Libya | 6 173 579 | 2 048 548 | 23.9 | 2.2 | 2 539 599 | 7 653 427 |
Malta | 403 532 | 66 112 | 39.5 | 0.4 | 68 805 | 419 967 |
Morocco | 34 343 219 | 10 473 478 | 25 | 1.1 | 11 683 138 | 8 309 775 |
Syria | 19 747 586 | 7 146 569 | 21.7 | 2 | 8 716 754 | 24 086 361 |
Slovenia | 2 007 711 | 273 464 | 41.5 | 0 | 273 655 | 2 009 117 |
Spain | 40 525 002 | 5 864 419 | 41.1 | 0.1 | 5 906 780 | 40 817 729 |
Tunisia | 10 383 577 | 2 413 484 | 29.2 | 1 | 2 660 713 | 11 447 236 |
Turkey | 71 892 807 | 17 545 890 | 27.7 | 1.3 | 19 965 025 | 81 805 009 |
Mediter | 458 445 552 | 107 403 812 | 33.2 | 0.9 | 121 526 405 | 507 693 365 |
Table 3 Prevalence of celiac disease in the next 10 years1
Estimated celiacs today | Estimated celiac children today at 1% | Projected prevalence of CD in next 10 yr | Projected celiac children in next 10 yr | |
Albania | 36 198 | 8539 | 38 223 | 9017 |
Algeria | 337 697 | 88 787 | 380 330 | 99 996 |
Bosnia | 45 903 | 6738 | 47 483 | 6970 |
Cyprus | 7926 | 1544 | 9372 | 1826 |
Croatia | 44 915 | 7087 | 44 682 | 7050 |
Egypt | 817 135 | 259 837 | 999 311 | 317 766 |
France | 640 578 | 118 947 | 676 627 | 125 641 |
Greece | 107 228 | 15 316 | 108 598 | 15 512 |
Israel | 71 124 | 19 893 | 83 943 | 23 479 |
Italy | 581 262 | 78 702 | 578 536 | 78 333 |
Lebanon | 39 719 | 10 329 | 44 342 | 11 531 |
Libya | 61 736 | 20 485 | 76 534 | 25 396 |
Malta | 4035 | 661 | 4200 | 688 |
Morocco | 343 432 | 104 735 | 383 098 | 116 831 |
Syria | 197 476 | 71 466 | 240 864 | 87 168 |
Slovenia | 20 077 | 2735 | 20 091 | 2737 |
Spain | 405 250 | 58 644 | 408 177 | 59 068 |
Tunisia | 103 836 | 24 135 | 114 472 | 26 607 |
Turkey | 718 928 | 175 459 | 818 050 | 199 650 |
Mediter | 4 584 456 | 1 074 038 | 5 076 934 | 1 215 264 |
Table 4 Symptoms and diseases associated with symptomatic cases
Symptomatic adults next 10 yr 1:7 | Symptomatic children next 10 yr 1:5 | Gastrointestinal symptoms | Anaemia | Osteopenia | Abnormal liver | Children with short stature | |
Albania | 4172 | 1803 | 5079 | 2390 | 1793 | 598 | 361 |
Algeria | 40 048 | 19 999 | 51 040 | 24 019 | 18 014 | 6005 | 4000 |
Bosnia | 5788 | 1394 | 6104 | 2873 | 2154 | 718 | 279 |
Cyprus | 1078 | 365 | 1227 | 577 | 433 | 144 | 73 |
Croatia | 5376 | 1410 | 5768 | 2714 | 2036 | 679 | 282 |
Egypt | 97 364 | 63 553 | 136 779 | 64 367 | 48 275 | 16 092 | 12 711 |
France | 78 712 | 25 128 | 88 264 | 41 536 | 31 152 | 10 384 | 5026 |
Greece | 13 298 | 3102 | 13 940 | 6560 | 4920 | 1640 | 620 |
Israel | 8638 | 4696 | 11 333 | 5333 | 4000 | 1333 | 939 |
Italy | 71 458 | 15 667 | 74 056 | 34 850 | 26 137 | 8712 | 3133 |
Lebanon | 4687 | 2306 | 5944 | 2797 | 2098 | 699 | 461 |
Libya | 7305 | 5079 | 10 527 | 4954 | 3715 | 1238 | 1016 |
Malta | 502 | 138 | 543 | 256 | 192 | 64 | 28 |
Morocco | 38 038 | 23 366 | 52 194 | 24 562 | 18 421 | 6140 | 4673 |
Syria | 21 957 | 17 434 | 33 482 | 15 756 | 11 817 | 3939 | 3487 |
Slovenia | 2479 | 547 | 2573 | 1211 | 908 | 303 | 109 |
Spain | 49 873 | 11 814 | 52 433 | 24 675 | 18 506 | 6169 | 2363 |
Tunisia | 12 552 | 5321 | 15 193 | 7149 | 5362 | 1787 | 1064 |
Turkey | 88 343 | 39 930 | 109 032 | 51 309 | 38 482 | 12 827 | 7986 |
Mediter | 551 667 | 243 053 | 675 512 | 317 888 | 238 416 | 79 472 | 48 611 |
Table 5 Excess cost of undiagnosed symptomatic celiac patients
Purchasing power parity | Standardized cost for an adult in 6 yr of delay, € | Standardized cost for a child in 2 yr of delay, € | Total cost for adults in the next 10 yr, € | Total cost for children in the next 10 yr, € | Total cost of symptomatic in the next 10 yr, € | |
Albania | 7.164 | 2804 | 821 | 11 698 575 | 1 481 020 | 13 179 595 |
Algeria | 6.869 | 2688 | 787 | 107 662 164 | 15 748 296 | 123 410 460 |
Bosnia | 7.361 | 2881 | 844 | 16 673 654 | 1 176 265 | 17 849 919 |
Cyprus | 17.7 | 6928 | 2029 | 7 468 819 | 741 246 | 8 210 065 |
Croatia | 28.54 | 11 171 | 3272 | 60 057 866 | 4 613 886 | 64 671 751 |
Egypt | 6.123 | 2396 | 702 | 233 320 214 | 44 609 799 | 277 930 013 |
France | 33.68 | 13 181 | 3861 | 1 037 513 563 | 97 017 277 | 1 134 530 840 |
Greece | 29.88 | 11 695 | 3426 | 155 520 664 | 10 627 416 | 166 148 080 |
Israel | 28.39 | 11 112 | 3255 | 95 985 202 | 15 284 247 | 111 269 450 |
Italy | 29.11 | 11 393 | 3337 | 814 080 086 | 52 279 538 | 866 359 625 |
Lebanon | 14.23 | 5568 | 1631 | 26 097 336 | 3 761 033 | 29 858 369 |
Libya | 14.33 | 5608 | 1643 | 40 966 178 | 8 342 757 | 49 308 935 |
Malta | 23.58 | 9230 | 2704 | 4 630 407 | 372 044 | 5 002 450 |
Morocco | 4.604 | 1802 | 528 | 68 540 194 | 12 332 575 | 80 872 769 |
Syria | 4.7 | 1839 | 539 | 40 388 186 | 9 393 156 | 49 781 342 |
Slovenia | 29.69 | 11 619 | 3403 | 28 807 411 | 1 862 767 | 30 670 178 |
Spain | 33.7 | 13 189 | 3863 | 657 786 976 | 45 639 366 | 703 426 342 |
Tunisia | 8.254 | 3230 | 946 | 40 548 541 | 5 035 255 | 45 583 796 |
Turkey | 12.48 | 4883 | 1430 | 431 358 582 | 57 108 945 | 488 467 527 |
Mediter | 17.92 | 7012 | 2054 | 3 879 104 619 | 387 426 887 | 4 266 531 506 |
Table 6 Excess mortality in undiagnosed cases2
Projected prevalence of CD in the next 10 yr | Death rate, deaths/1000 individuals | Population expected deaths (next 10 yr) | Celiac deaths in next 10 yr | Excess celiac deaths in next 10 yr | |
Albania | 38 223 | 5.1 | 193 793 | 3488 | 1550 |
Algeria | 380 330 | 4.6 | 1 764 730 | 31 765 | 14 118 |
Bosnia | 47 483 | 8.6 | 409 780 | 7376 | 3278 |
Cyprus | 9372 | 6.4 | 59 982 | 1080 | 480 |
Croatia | 44 682 | 11.8 | 525 018 | 9450 | 4200 |
Egypt | 999 311 | 4.9 | 4 876 635 | 87 779 | 39 013 |
France | 676 627 | 8.6 | 5 791 930 | 104 255 | 46 335 |
Greece | 108 598 | 10.5 | 1 141 363 | 20 545 | 9131 |
Israel | 83 943 | 5.4 | 455 811 | 8205 | 3646 |
Italy | 578 536 | 10.7 | 6 201 905 | 111 634 | 49 615 |
Lebanon | 44 342 | 6 | 267 382 | 4813 | 2139 |
Libya | 76 534 | 3.4 | 260 982 | 4698 | 2088 |
Malta | 4200 | 8.4 | 35 193 | 633 | 282 |
Morocco | 383 098 | 4.7 | 1 815 883 | 32 686 | 14 527 |
Syria | 240 864 | 3.7 | 896 013 | 16 128 | 7168 |
Slovenia | 20 091 | 9.2 | 184 839 | 3327 | 1479 |
Spain | 408 177 | 10 | 4 077 691 | 73 398 | 32 622 |
Tunisia | 114 472 | 5.2 | 595 256 | 10 715 | 4762 |
Turkey | 818 050 | 6 | 4 908 301 | 88 349 | 39 266 |
Mediter | 5 076 934 | 7 | 34 462 486 | 620 325 | 275 700 |
- Citation: Greco L, Timpone L, Abkari A, Abu-Zekry M, Attard T, Bouguerrà F, Cullufi P, Kansu A, Micetic-Turk D, Mišak Z, Roma E, Shamir R, Terzic S. Burden of celiac disease in the Mediterranean area. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17(45): 4971-4978
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v17/i45/4971.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v17.i45.4971