Liver hemangioma and vascular liver diseases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Table 1 Main clinical, laboratory and ultrasound characteristics of the patients included in the study (n = 35)

	Overall(n = 35)	Outpatients(n = 30)	Hospitalized(n = 5)
Age (yr)	50 ± 20	50 ± 17	51 ± 29
Gender (M/F)	2/33	1/29	1/4
SLE duration (yr)	6.9 ± 7.0	6.5 ± 6.6	9.6 ± 9.8
LAC positivity	8/35	7/30	1/5
SLEDAI1	8.9 ± 4.2	9.1 ± 4.3	7.6 ± 2.8
ACR/SLICC1	2.1 ± 1.6	2.1 ± 1.7	2.2 ± 1.3
Acrocyanosis1	24/33	18/28	4/5
Steroid treatment1	26/33	22/28	4/5
Duration of steroid therapy (yr)1	6.4 ± 6.3	5.9 ± 5.7	9.5 ± 9.4
AST (U/L)	22 ± 9	20 ± 5	34 ± 18
ALT (U/L)	22 ± 9	18 ± 8	24 ± 13
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.6 ± 0.4	0.5 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.8
GGT (U/L)	32 ± 40	22 ± 20	67 ± 72
ALP (U/L)	190 ± 105	171 ± 78	247 ± 159
Thrombosis of hepatic veins	1	0	1
Normal liver echopattern	9	8	1
NRH	2	0	2
Single hepatic hemangioma	12	9	3
Multiple hepatic hemangioma	7	7	0
Atypical hemangioma	5	2	3
FNH	2	2	0

¹Data available in 33 patients. M: Male; F: Female; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus; LAC: Lupus anticoagulant; SLEDAI: Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index; ACR: American college of rheumatology damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus; SLICC: Systemic lupus international collaborating clinics; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; NRH: Nodular regenerative hyperplasia; FNH: Focal nodular hyperplasia.

Table 2 Clinical and laboratory characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus patients according to the presence and number of hepatic hemangioma

	Patients with HH(n = 19)	SingleHH(n = 12)	Multiple HH(n = 7)	Patients without HH (n = 16)
Age (yr)	51 ± 16	52 ± 17	52 ± 17	49 ± 18
Gender (M/F)	2/17	2/10	0/7	0/16
SLE duration (yr)	7.1 ± 6.4	5.5 ± 6.4	9.9 ± 6.5a	6.8 ± 6.1
Clinical flares (n)	3.5 ± 1.8	2.9 ± 1.4	4.2 ± 2.1	2.7 ± 1.4
SLEDAI1	8.3 ± 4.3	8.9 ± 5.1	7.4 ± 2.6	10.0 ± 4.3
ACR/SLICC1	2.3 ± 1.9	2.0 ± 1.7	3.0 ± 2.0	1.9 ± 1.4
Acrocyanosis1 (%)	94.4	100.0	85.7	43.8b
Steroid treatment (%)1	75.0	60.0	100.0	87.5
Yr of steroid Rx (yr)1	6.8 ± 6.2	8.2 ± 7.1	5.5 ± 5.6	6.6 ± 6.1
LAC positivity (%)	22.2	18.2	28.6	25.0
AST (U/L)	23 ± 11	25 ± 14	21 ± 4	21 ± 7
ALT (U/L)	18 ± 6	17 ± 6	20 ± 8	19 ± 11
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.7 ± 0.5	0.7 ± 0.7	0.7 ± 0.3	0.5 ± 0.2
GGT (U/L)	36 ± 54	42 ± 65	23 ± 9	29 ± 28
ALP (U/L)	213 ± 133	243 ± 134	169 ± 138	168 ± 65

¹Data available in n = 33.

^aP < 0.05 vs patients with single hepatic hemangioma and

^bP = 0.02 vs patients with hepatic hemangioma. M: Male; F: Female; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus; SLEDAI: Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index; SLICC: Systemic lupus international collaborating clinics; ACR: American college of rheumatology damage index for systemic lupus erythematosus; LAC: Lupus anticoagulant; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; GGT: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; HH: Hepatic hemangioma.