Carbachol promotes gastrointestinal function during oral resuscitation of burn shock

Table 1 Effects of carbachol on hemodynamic parameters in oral resuscitation of burn shock (mean ± SD)

Post-burn (h)	MAP (mmHg)			CO (L/min)			PV (mL/kg)
	NR	OR	OR/CAR	NR	OR	OR/CAR	NR	OR	OR/CAR
0	135 ± 9.3	131 ± 18.7	128 ± 12.6	2.46 ± 0.13	2.43 ± 0.17	2.39 ± 0.19	49.6 ± 5.6	46.8 ± 4.2	48.3 ± 4.0
2	100 ± 7.2a	94 ± 15.3a	89 ± 10.0a	1.28 ± 0.11a	1.34 ± 0.1a	1.30 ± 0.11a	38.2 ± 3.8a	40.3 ± 3.0a	41.3 ± 3.1a
4	108 ± 8.3a	136 ± 18.9b	130 ± 15.1b	1.12 ± 0.10a	1.54 ± 0.11ab	1.48 ± 0.12ab	32.8 ± 2.3a	39.0 ± 3.8a	40.8 ± 3.9a
8	120 ± 14.3	125 ± 15.9	127 ± 14.3	1.20 ± 0.17a	1.65 ± 0.12ab	1.86 ± 0.14abc	30.9 ± 3.4a	36.2 ± 3.4ab	42.2 ± 3.4abc
24	124 ± 8.9	126 ± 8.8	129 ± 8.9	1.07 ± 0.17a	1.94 ± 0.18ab	2.16 ± 0.15abc	30.6 ± 4.4a	40.4 ± 3.0ab	45.8 ± 3.6bc
48	129 ± 8.7	135 ± 20.8	123 ± 15.8	1.88 ± 0.15a	2.39 ± 0.23b	2.49 ± 0.16b	34.5 ± 2.4a	43.0 ± 3.8b	45.6 ± 3.6b
72	115 ± 13.7a	137 ± 11.0b	135 ± 13.1b	2.10 ± 0.13a	2.34 ± 0.12b	2.41 ± 0.20b	35.8 ± 2.9a	43.8 ± 3.4b	45.8 ± 4.0b
120	112 ± 11.4a	134 ± 14.6b	131 ± 14.2b	2.15 ± 0.15a	2.39 ± 0.15b	2.41 ± 0.20b	37.6 ± 3.5a	44.7 ± 3.2b	46.9 ± 3.4b

Compared with that at 0 h,

^aP < 0.05; compared with no fluid resuscitation (NR),

^bP < 0.05; compared with oral fluid resuscitation (OR),

^cP < 0.05. MAP: mean arterial pressure; CO: Cardiac output; PV: Plasma volume; CAR: Carbachol.

Table 2 Effect of carbachol on gastrointestinal perfusion in oral resuscitation of burn shock (mean ± SD)

Post-burn (h)	PgCO2 (mmHg)			IMBF (BPU)
	NR	OR	OR/CAR	NR	OR	OR/CAR
0	32.2 ± 3.7	33.2 ± 6.1	33.8 ± 6.8	203.8 ± 17.6	198.3 ± 11.9	207.3 ± 13.9
2	73.1 ± 7.7a	60.8 ± 8.2ab	57.4 ± 8.0ab	74.2 ± 10.8a	101.2 ± 12.2ab	112.6 ± 10.2ab
4	83.1 ± 6.5a	74.0 ± 6.5ab	70.0 ± 6.2ab	71.5 ± 15.3a	108.8 ± 12.2ab	138.8 ± 14.1abc
8	86.4 ± 8.6a	69.2 ± 6.8ab	68.5 ± 5.8ab	77.8 ± 10.0a	114.7 ± 12.0ab	134.7 ± 13.9abc
24	82.5 ± 7.6a	65.8 ± 5.8ab	56.4 ± 4.7a, b,	79.2 ± 17.3a	127.7 ± 11.9ab	157.7 ± 17.7abc
48	61.5 ± 8.2a	56.0 ± 8.4a	57.0 ± 6.4a	146.8 ± 13.8a	159.3 ± 19.1a	179.3 ± 19.1ab
72	56.8 ± 6.6a	39.4 ± 8.9b	35.4 ± 5.6b	168.5 ± 9.7a	180.7 ± 18.5	198.7 ± 16.5b
120	45.8 ± 6.2a	31.2 ± 5.0b	34.2 ± 4.0b	178.8 ± 16.5a	203.5 ± 23.2b	200.5 ± 18.2b

Compared with that at 0 h,

^aP < 0.05; compared with no fluid resuscitation (NR),

^bP < 0.05; compared with oral fluid resuscitation (OR),

^cP < 0.05. IMBF: Intestinal mucosal blood flow; CAR: Carbachol.