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©2011 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Jan 7, 2011; 17(1): 42-48
Published online Jan 7, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i1.42
Published online Jan 7, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i1.42
Contrast agent | Composition | Manufacturer |
First generation | ||
Albunex | 5% human albumin with stabilized microbubbles | Mallinckrodt |
Echovist (SHU 454) | Standardized microbubbles with galactose shell | Schering |
Levovist (SHU 508) | Stabilized, standardized microbubbles with galactose, 0.1% palmitic acid shell | Schering |
Myomap | Albumin shell | Quadrant |
Quantison | Albumin shell | Quadrant |
Sonavist | Cyanoacrylate shell | Schering |
Sonazoid | C4F10 with lipid stabilizer shell | GE healthcare |
Second generation | ||
Definity/luminity | C3F8 with lipid stabilizer shell | Bristol–myers squibb medical imaging |
Imagent-imavist | C6H14 with lipid stabilizer shell | Alliance |
Optison | C3F8 with denatured human albumin shell | GE healthcare |
Bisphere/cardiosphere | Polylactide-coglycolide shell with albumin overcoat | - |
SonoVue (BR1, Bracco, Italy) | SF6 gas with lipid stabilizer shell | Bracco |
AI700/imagify | C4F10 gas core stabilized with polymer shell | Acusphere |
Third generation | ||
Echogen | Dodecafluoropentane (DDFP) liquid in phase shift colloid emulsion | Sonus pharmaceuticals |
Table 2 Indications for the use of contrast agents during endoscopic ultrasonography
Study | Indication | Agent used |
Hocke et al[6] | Differentiating benign from malignant lymph nodes | SonoVue |
Kanamori et al[22] | Levovist | |
Nomura et al[8] | Assessment of depth of invasion of esophageal cancer | Air-filled Albumin |
Nomura et al[8] | Assessment of depth of invasion of gastric cancer | Air-filled Albumin |
Itoh et al[28] | Differentiating benign from malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas | Levovist |
Hirooka et al[5] | Gallbladder diseases | Albunex |
Ueno et al[34] | Diagnosing Islet cell tumors | Levovist |
Sakamoto et al[40] | Determining origin of solid pancreatic masses | Levovist with suspension of monosaccharide microparticles |
Hirooka et al[24] | Albunex | |
Dietrich et al[2] | Levovist | |
Sofuni et al[41] | Levovist | |
Becker et al[33] | Discriminating between mass forming pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer | Optison |
Hocke et al[6] | SonoVue | |
D’Onofrio et al[31] | SonoVue | |
Hyodo et al[26] | Diagnosing cause of chronic pancreatitis/mass forming pancreatitis (autoimmune pancreatitis) | Levovist |
D’Onofrio et al[31] | SonoVue | |
Zhu et al[30] | SonoVue | |
Kasono et al[7] | Localizing small insulinomas | Levovist |
- Citation: Reddy NK, Ioncică AM, Săftoiu A, Vilmann P, Bhutani MS. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17(1): 42-48
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v17/i1/42.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v17.i1.42