Ileocolonic mucormycosis in adult immunocompromised patients: A surgeon’s perspective

Table 1 Taxonomic classification of the Zygomycetes

Class	Order	Family	Genus	Species causing human diseases
Zygomycetes	Mucorales	Mucoraceae	Rhizopus	R. oryzae1,2
				R. microsporus var. rhizopodiformis1,2
			Rhizomucor	R. pusillus1,2
			Mucor	M. circinelloides1,2
			Absidia	A. corymbifera1,2
			Apophysomyces	A. elegans1,2
		Cunninghamellaceae	Cunninghamella	C. bertholletiae12
	Entomophthorales	Ancylistaceae	Conidiobolus	C. coronatus2
		Basidiobolaceae	Basidiobolus	B. ranarum2

¹Mucormycosis: Infections caused by Mucorales;

²Zygomycosis: Infections caused by Zygomycetes (Mucorales & Entomophthorales).

Table 2 Summary of colonic mucormycosis cases reported in the recent medical literature

Age (yr)/Sex	Morbidity	Location	Operation	Medications	Outcome	Ref.	Yr
21/F	APL	Cecum	Colectomy	Amp B	Survived	[11]	1985
21/F	AML	Descending	Hartmann	Amp B	Survived	[12]	1986
54/F	ALL	Cecum	Right hemicolectomy	Amp B	Dead	[13]	1998
42/F	SLE	Left colon + stomach	Subtotal colectomy	Amp B	Dead	[14]	1998
35/M	Liver Tx	Cecum + liver	Primary repair	-	Dead	[15]	1999
53/F	NHL	Sigmoid + transverse	Hartmann + right hemicolectomy	Amp B → Lip Amp + GMCSF	Survived	[16]	2000
48/F	ALL	Ileocolic + liver	Bowel resection	Amp B → Lip Amp	Dead	[17]	2000
33/M	Renal Tx	Right colon + esophagus	Graft nephrectomy	Amp B + GMCSF	Survived	[18]	2001
65/M	COAD	Right colon	Right hemicolectomy	Amp B	Survived	[19]	2004
56/F	ALL	Ileocolic	Right hemicolectomy	Lip Amp	Dead	[20]	2005
43/F	Renal Tx	Cecum	Right hemicolectomy	Lip Amp	Survived	[21]	2005
58/?	MS	Sigmoid	Hartmann	-	Dead	[22]	2006

APL: Acute progranulocytic leukemia; AML: Acute myeloid leukemia; ALL: Acute lymphocytic leukemia; COAD: Chronic obstructive airways disease; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematosus; Liver Tx: Liver transplant; Renal Tx: Renal transplant; NHL: Non-Hogkin’s lymphoma; MS: Multiple sclerosis; Amp B: Amphotericin B; Lip Amp: Liposomal amphotericin preparation; GMCSF: Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor.