Value of duplex doppler ultrasonography in non-invasive assessment of children with chronic liver disease

Table 1 Patients demographic and clinical data n (%)

Diagnosis	Group 1 (cirrhosis)	Group 2 (chronic hepatitis)
Symptoms
Hematemesis	2 (15.4)	3 (25)
Jaundice	4 (38.5)	3 (25)
Dark urine	5 (38.5)	4 (33.3)
Abdominal distension	8 (61.7)	8 (66.7)
General physical signs
Pallor	5 (38.5)	3 (25)
Jaundice	5 (38.5)	4 (33.3)
Lower limb edema	6 (46.2)	4 (33.3)
Abdominal signs
Hepatomegaly	7 (53.8)	9 (75)
Splenomegaly	10 (76.9)	4 (33.3)
Ascites	5 (38.5)	3 (25)

Table 2 Grayscale and Doppler ultrasonography measurements in the studied groups (mean ± SD)

	Controls	Group 1	Group 2	P value
Liver size in cm	8.55 ± 0.69	10.19 ± 2.33b	12.2 ± 2.02b,d	< 0.01
Splenic size in cm	8.43 ± 0.92	11.82 ± 1.30b	10.10 ± 1.50b,d	< 0.01
Portal vein diameter (cm)	0.61 ± 0.13	1.16 ± 0.23b	0.95 ± 0.22b,d	< 0.01
Hepatic vein flow velocity (cm/s)	23.1 ± 2.09	21.84 ± 1.90	22.41 ± 2.02	> 0.05
Portal vein flow velocity (cm/s)	31.1 ± 3.92	21.23 ± 3.30b	22.22 ± 1.23b	< 0.01
Congestion index	4.61 ± 5.75d	9.50 ± 1.60	4.97 ± 1.14d	< 0.01

^bP < 0.01 vs controls;

^dP < 0.01 vs group 1.