Prognostic relevance of β-catenin expression in T2-3N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Table 1 Demographic and clinicopathological parameters of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients included in this study n (%)

Demographic and clinicopathological parameters	Patients with ESCC
Sex
Male	165 (72.7)
Female	62 (27.3)
Age (yr)
Median	58
Range	33-77
Tumor size (cm)	4.92 ± 2.046
Tumor grade
Grade 1	57 (25.1)
Grade 2	114 (50.2)
Grade 3	56 (24.7)
Tumor location
Upper	25 (11.0)
Middle	152 (67.0)
Lower	50 (22.0)
Depth of invasion
T2	88 (38.8)
T3	139 (61.2)
AJCC staging system (7th ed)
IB	12 (5.3)
IIA	83 (36.6)
IIB	132 (58.1)

ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer.

Table 2 β-catenin expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients n (%)

Parameters of ESCC patients	n	Expression of β-catenin		P-value
		Low	High
Sex
Male	165	57 (34.5)	108 (65.5)	0.354
Female	62	26 (41.9)	36 (58.1)
Age (yr)
≤ 60	138	49 (35.5)	89 (64.5)	0.778
> 60	89	34 (38.2)	55 (61.8)
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 5.0	155	54 (34.8)	101 (65.2)	0.461
> 5.0	72	29 (40.3)	43 (59.7)
Tumor grade
Grade 1	57	17 (29.8)	40 (70.2)
Grade 2	114	44 (38.6)	70 (61.4)	0.473
Grade 3	56	22 (39.3)	34 (60.7)
Tumor location
Upper	25	11 (44.0)	14 (56.0)
Middle	152	52 (34.2)	100 (65.8)	0.545
Lower	50	20 (40.0)	30 (60.0)
Depth of invasion
T2	88	34 (38.6)	54 (61.4)	0.672
T3	139	49 (35.3)	90 (64.7)
AJCC staging system (7th ed)
IB	12	3 (25.0)	9 (75.0)
IIA	83	31 (37.3)	52 (62.7)	0.694
IIB	132	49 (37.1)	83 (62.9)

ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of overall survival rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with Cox proportional hazards model

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	Hazard ratio	95% CI	P-value	Hazard ratio	95% CI	P-value
Age (yr)
≤ 60 vs > 60	1.023	0.740-1.414	0.889
Gender
Male vs female	0.692	0.474-1.009	0.056
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 5 vs > 5	0.987	0.704-1.386	0.942
Grade
G1 vs G2 and 3	1.498	1.060-2.116	0.022a	1.549	1.095-2.190	0.013a
Tumor location
Upper and middle vs lower	0.954	0.657-1.385	0.804
Depth of invasion
T2 vs T3	1.461	1.045-2.043	0.026a	1.493	1.066-2.089	0.020a
AJCC staging system (7th ed)
IB and IIA vs IIB	1.192	0.865-1.643	0.284
β-catenin
Low vs high	1.644	1.161-2.329	0.005b	1.642	1.159-2.327	0.005b

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs univariate analysis.

AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; CI: Confidence interval.