HCV genotype distribution and possible transmission risks in Lahore, Pakistan

Table 1 Patient data according to age and gender

Parameters	Age groups
	≤ 40 yr	> 40 yr
	(n = 931, 68.3%)	(n = 433, 31.7%)
Gender
Male (n = 656)	468 (50.2%)	188 (43.3%)
Female (n = 708)	463 (49.8%)	245 (56.7%)
Age (yr)
mean ± SD (36.8 ± 10.3)	37.77 ± 10.65	46.8 ± 12.38
Age range (18-75)	18-40	41-75

Table 2 Univariate logistic analysis of genotypes involved in hepatitis C virus infection according to age and gender

Variables	Type III sum of squares	υ	Mean square	F value	P value
Sex	150.641	1	150.641	2.396	0.122
Age groups	0.084	1	0.084	0.001	0.971

Table 3 Hepatitis C virus genotype subtypes prevalence in age groups

Genotype subtypes	Computation	Age groups
		≤ 40 yr	> 40 yr
1a	Count	230	92
	% within age groups	24.7%	21.2%
3a	Count	507	256
	% within age groups	54.5%	59.1%
3b	Count	32	11
	% within age groups	3.4%	2.5%
4a	Count	116	54
	% within age groups	12.5%	12.5%
4b	Count	13	3
	% within age groups	1.4%	0.7%
4&5	Count	11	5
	% within age groups	1.2%	1.2%
Untypable genotype	Count	22	12
	% within age groups	2.4%	2.8%

Table 4 Univariate logistic analysis of risk factors involved in hepatitis C virus infection according to age, gender and genotypes

Variables	Type III sum of squares	υ	Mean square	F value	P value
Sex	0.014	1	0.014	0.004	0.950
Age	131.744	1	131.744	38.219	0.000
Genotype	457.878	6	76.313	22.139	0.000

Table 5 Distribution and multivariate analysis of risk factors in age groups

Risk factors	Computation	Age groups		95% CI		P value
		≤ 40 yr	> 40 yr	Lower	Upper
Blood transfusion	Count	222	88	2.077	4.467	0.039
	% within age groups	23.8%	20.3%
IVDU	Count	51	0	6.414 × 109	6.414 × 109	0.000
	% within age groups	5.5%	0.0%
Sexual exposure	Count	79	0	9.014 × 109	9.014 × 109	0.000
	% within age groups	8.5%	0.0%
Dental surgery	Count	325	133	2.068	4.209	0.610
	% within age groups	34.9%	30.7%
Road accidents	Count	77	39	1.551	2.090	0.148
	% within age groups	8.3%	9.0%
Barber shops	Count	95	74	1.016	2.363	0.042
	% within age groups	10.2%	17.1%

IVDU: Intravenous drug use.

Table 6 Hepatitis C virus genotype prevalence within risk factors in Lahore - March 2007 - September 2009 (n = 1364) n (%)

Groups	Total No.	1a	3a	3b	4a	4b	Mix	Untypable
BT	310	51 (16.5)	202 (65.2)	13 (4.2)	23 (7.4)	4 (1.3)	4 (1.3)	13 (4.2)
≤ 40 yr	222	39 (17.6)	131 (59.0)	10 (4.5)	22 (9.9)	3 (1.4)	4 (1.8)	13 (5.9)
> 40 yr	88	12 (13.6)	71 (80.7)	3 (3.4)	1 (1.1)	1 (1.1)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
IVDU	51	12 (23.5)	34 (66.7)	0 (0.0)	4 (7.8)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (2.0)
≤ 40 yr	51	12 (23.5)	34 (66.7)	0 (0.0)	4 (7.8)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (2.0)
> 40 yr	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
SE	79	14 (17.7)	53 (67.1)	0 (0.0)	10 (12.7)	1 (1.3)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.3)
≤ 40 yr	79	14 (17.7)	53 (67.1)	0 (0.0)	10 (12.7)	1 (1.3)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.3)
> 40 yr	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
DS	458	85 (18.6)	285 (62.2)	13 (2.8)	62 (13.5)	5 (1.1)	4 (0.9)	4 (0.9)
≤ 40 yr	325	69 (21.2)	173 (53.2)	13 (4.0)	58 (17.8)	5 (1.5)	3 (0.9)	4 (1.2)
> 40 yr	133	16 (12.0)	112 (84.2)	0 (0.0)	4 (3.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (0.8)	0 (0.0)
RA	116	30 (25.9)	68 (58.6)	4 (3.4)	11 (9.5)	1 (0.9)	1 (0.9)	1 (0.9)
≤ 40 yr	77	30 (39.0)	46 (59.7)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.3)
> 40 yr	39	0 (0.0)	22 (56.4)	4 (10.3)	11 (28.2)	1 (2.6)	1 (2.6)	0 (0.0)
BS	169	45 (26.6)	88 (52.1)	7 (4.1)	19 (11.2)	1 (0.6)	5 (3.0)	4 (2.4)
≤ 40 yr	95	19 (20.0)	64 (67.4)	7 (7.4)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	3 (3.2)	2 (2.1)
> 40 yr	74	26 (35.1)	24 (32.4)	0 (0.0)	19 (25.7)	1 (1.4)	2 (2.7)	2 (2.7)
UN	181	85 (47.0)	33 (18.2)	6 (3.3)	41 (22.7)	4 (2.2)	2 (1.1)	10 (5.5)
≤ 40 yr	82	47 (57.3)	6 (7.3)	2 (2.4)	22 (26.8)	4 (4.9)	1 (1.2)	0 (0.0)
> 40 yr	99	38 (38.4)	27 (27.3)	4 (4.0)	19 (19.2)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.0)	10 (10.1)
Total	1364	322 (23.6)	763 (55.9)	43 (3.2)	170 (12.5)	16 (1.2)	16 (1.2)	34 (2.5)

BT: Blood transfusion; IVDU: Intravenous drug use; SE: Sexual exposure; DS: Dental surgery; RA: Road accidents; BS: Barber shops; UN: Unknown reasons.