Hepatocellular carcinoma occurring in a Crohn’s disease patient

Table 1 Clinicopathological summary of HCC occurring in CD patients

Case No.	Sex	Age at: onset of CD/discovery of HCC (yr)	Medication for CD	Serum AFP/PIVKA II (ng/mL, mAU/mL)	Histology of HCC	Histology ofnon-neoplastic liver	Outcome	Ref.
1	F	29/43	AZA, PSL	NA/NA	NA	No cirrhosis	DOD with intraabdominal and intrathoracic metastases	[3]
2	F	9/22	5-ASA, AZA	55 000/NA	Trabecular	No cirrhosis FHG (+)	Recurrence at 6 mo, liver transplantation performed	[4]
3	M	13/33	5-ASA, AZA	NA/NA	NA	No cirrhosis	Lung metastases	[5]
4	F	63/63	5-ASA	NA/1100	NA	PSC	No evidence of recurrence	[6]
5	F	14/28	AZA, IFx	26.9/NA	Trabecular, pleomorphic	No cirrhosis FHG (+)	NA	[7]
6	M	17/33	AZA	Normal range/NA	NA	No cirrhosis PSC	Mediastinal and abdominal metastases; died 1 year after	[8]
7	M	19/37	5-ASA, AZA, PSL	15/NA	Trabecular to sinusoidal, pleomorphic	No cirrhosis (only CT imaging)	DOD 3 mo after surgery	[9]
8	M	16/52	5-ASA	13.9/16 300	Trabecular	Chronic liver damage	No recurrence was found on CT imaging, but PIVKA II was 1980	[10]
9	M	13/25	AZA, IFx, PSL	78/NA	Pleomorphic	No cirrhosis FHG (+)	No metastasis or recurrence 1 yr after surgery	[11]
Present report	M	29/37	5-ASA, AZA, PSL	7.7/757	Pseudoglandular	No cirrhosis FHG (+)	No recurrence 2 yr after surgery

5-ASA: 5-aminosalicylic acid; AZA: Azathioprine; DOD: Died of disease; FHG: Focal hepatocyte glycogenosis; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; CD: Crohn’s disease; IFx: Infliximab; NA: Not available; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; PSL: Prednisolone; CT: Computed tomography.