Early recognition of abdominal compartment syndrome in patients with acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Demographic and clinical variables of the whole series

Demographic and clinical variables	Values
Number of patents	44
Age (years ± SD)	49 ± 18
Gender male	70.4% (31/44)
SAP	70.4% (31/44)
Presence of necrosis	49.9% (18/44)
Extent (percentage) of necrosis
< 30%	38.9% (7/18)
30%-50%	11.1% (2/18)
> 50%	50.0% (9/18)
IAH (IAP ≥ 12 mmHg)	43.2% (19/44)
ACS (IAP ≥ 20 mmHg + MOF)	13.6% (6/44)
Mortality	13.6% (6/44)
APACHE II score at admission1	6.5 (4.0-10.0)
Max APACHE II score during hospitalization1	8.0 (5.0-11.0)
Glasgow-Imrie score at admission1	3.0 (2.0-3.0)
Max Glasgow-Imrie score during hospitalization1	3.0 (2.0-4.0)
MODS score at admission1	2.0 (1.0-3.0)
Max MODS score during hospitalization1	2.0 (1.0-4.0)

¹Values of clinical multifactorial scores is expressed as median (lower & upper quartiles).

Table 2 Clinical scores (on admission and max value) in relation to presence of ACS

Clinical scores	ACS group median (lower & upper quartiles)	Non-ACS group median (lower & upper quartiles)	P
APACHE II score on admission	12.0 (9.0-1.0)	6.0 (4.0-9.0)	< 0.01
Max APACHE score	14.0 (11.0-18.0)	7.0 (4.0-10.0)	< 0.01
Glasgow-Imrie score on admission	5.0 (4.0-5.0)	2.0 (2.0-3.0)	< 0.01
Max Glasgow-Imrie score	5.0 (4.0-5.0)	2.5 (1.0-3.0)	< 0.01
MODS score on admission	4.5 (3.0-8.0)	1.5 (1.0-3.0)	< 0.01
Max MODS score	4.5 (3.0-8.0)	2.0 (1.0-3.0)	< 0.01

Table 3 Clinical characteristics of patients with and without ACS

Clinical characteristics	ACS group (n = 6, %)	Non-ACS group (n = 38, %)	P
Severe AP	6 (100)	25 (65.8)	NS
Necrotizing AP	5 (83.3)	13 (34.2)	< 0.05
Necrosis > 30%	5 (83.3)	6 (15.8)	< 0.05
Deaths	4 (66.6)	2 (5.2)	< 0.01

Table 4 Areas under the ROC curves for prognostic factors of ACS

Variables	Area	Std. error	Asymptotic sig	Confidence Interval
				lower	upper
1st IAP on admission	0.932	0.065	0.001	0.805	1.059
Glasgow-Imrie score	0.921	0.054	0.001	0.816	1.026
APACHE II score	0.866	0.062	0.004	0.745	0.987
MODS score	0.829	0.098	0.010	0.636	1.022

Table 5 Cut-off points, sensitivity and specificity for prognostic factors of ACS

Variable	Cut-off	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
APACHE II score	> 7	100.0 (54.1-100.0)	60.5 (43.4-75.9)
Glasgow-Imrie score	> 3	83.3 (36.1-97.2)	86.8 (71.9-95.5)
MODS score	> 2	83.3 (36.1-97.2)	73.7 (56.9- 86.6)
1st IAP on admission	> 18	83.3 (36.1-97.2)	100.0 (90.7-100.0)