Acoustic radiation force imaging sonoelastography for noninvasive staging of liver fibrosis

Table 1 Patient characteristics

Characteristics	Patients included (n = 74)
Sex (male/female)	32/42
Age (yr)	55.32 ± 9.6 (31-72)
BMI (kg/m2)	25.59 ± 4.03 (17.23-33.29)
AST (IU/L)	50.06 ± 32.36 (18-188)
ALT (IU/L)	67.06 ± 26.79 (20-147)
INR	1.12 ± 0.15 (0.9-1.74)
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.69 ± 0.32 (0.29-2.08)
Albumin (g/dL)	3.9 ± 0.55 (2.6-4.9)
Cholesterol (mg/dL)	192.36 ± 46.58 (120-311)
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	123.24 ± 73.33 (48-467)

Table 2 Patient distribution according to fibrosis stage, activity grade and steatosis

Fibrosis		Activity		Steatosis
Stage	n (%)	Grade	n (%)	Grade	n (%)
0	1 (1.3)	0	1 (1.3)	0	24 (32.4)
1	9 (12.1)	1	32 (43.2)	1	23 (31.08)
2	25 (33.7)	2	29 (39.1)	2	12 (16.2)
3	19 (25.6)	3	12 (16.2)	3	11 (14.8)
4	20 (27.02)			4	4 (5.40)

Table 3 Most discriminative cutoff values of ARFI elastography

	≥F1	≥F2	≥F3	F4
Cutoff (m/s)	1.185	1.215	1.54	1.94
Sensitivity (95% CI)	89% (79-95)	100% (91-100)	97% (86-100)	100% (83-100)
Specificity (95% CI)	87% (47-99)	71% (53-85)	100% (90-100)	98% (90-99)
PPV (95% CI)	98% (91-99)	79% (65-89)	100% (90-100)	95% (76-100)
NPV (95% CI)	50% (23-76)	100% (86-100)	97% (85-100)	100% (93-100)
Positive likelihood ratio	7.1	3.5	3.5	54

Table 4 Noninvasive tests and their correlations with liver pathology

	Noninvasive test	Correlation (Spearman coefficient)	95% CI	P
Liver biopsy	Elastography ARFI	0.919	0.872-0.949	< 0.001
	APRI index	0.712	0.572-0.811	< 0.001
	FibroMax	0.674	0.521-0.784	< 0.001