Efficacy of intramuscular diclofenac and fluid replacement in prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis

Table 1 Characteristics of patients in the diclofenac and control groups¹

	Diclofenac group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	P
Variables
Age (yr)2	60.3 ± 16.1	59.3 ± 14.5	0.766
Female sex	15 (37.5)	22 (55.0)	0.116
Bile duct canulation time (min)3	5.0 (3.0-5.0)	5.0 (3.0-10.0)	0.601
Operation time (min)3	15 (15-20)	15 (10-25)	0.904
Sphincterotomy
Precut	10 (25)	12 (30)	0.617
Pancreatic duct injection	19 (47.5)	18 (45.0)	0.823
Pancreatic duct cannulation, twice or more	8 (20.5)	6 (15.0)	0.556
Post-ERCP pancreatitis	3 (7.5)	7 (17.5)	0.176
Final diagnosis
BD stone	23 (57.5)	11 (27.5)
SOD	3 (7.5)	10 (25.0)	0.082
Biliopancreatic tumors	5 (12.5)	9 (22.5)
Others4	9 (22.5)	10 (25.0)

¹All data were presented as [n (%)] and comparisons were made with χ² or Fisher’s exact test unless otherwise stated.

²Data was presented as (mean ± SD) and comparison was made with Student’s t test.

³Data were presented as [median (interquartile range)] and comparisons were made with Mann-Whitney U test.

⁴Primary sclerosing cholangitis, hydatid cysts communicating with the bile ducts, Mirizzi sendrome, and postoperative complications. Post-ERCP: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; SOD: Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction.

Table 2 Incidence of post-ERCP pacreatitis in different subgroups¹

	Diclofenac group (n = 40)	Control group (n = 40)	P
Variables
Age group (yr)
> 60	2/23	4/20	0.300
≤ 60	1/17	3/20	0.420
Sex
Male	0/25	2/18	0.850
Female	3/15	5/22	0.092
Pre-cut sphincterotomy
Yes	1/10	4/12	0.210
No	2/30	3/28	0.590
Pancreatic duct injection
Yes	2/19	4/18	0.350
No	1/21	3/22	0.330
Pancreatic duct cannulation, twice or more	2/8	1/6	0.730
SOD
Yes	2/3	2/10	0.150
No	1/37	5/30	0.0471

¹All data were comparisons with the χ² test. There were no statistically significant differences except in the patients without SOD.

Table 3 Serum amylase level (mean ± SE, IU/L) following ERCP in diclofenac and control groups

Group	Amylase 4 h	Amylase 8 h	Amylase 24 h
Diclofenac	223.95 ± 33.45	218.39 ± 35.44	161.82 ± 31.03
Control	283.15 ± 82.74	308.34 ± 96	231.56 ± 57.73

There were no statistically significant differences.