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©2009 The WJG Press and Baishideng.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2009; 15(27): 3341-3348
Published online Jul 21, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.3341
Published online Jul 21, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.3341
Table 1 Symptomatic therapy of diarrhea
Opiates | Drug | Dose |
&mgr;-receptor agonists | Diphenoxylate | 2.5-5 mg qid |
Loperamide | 2-4 mg qid | |
Codeine | 15-60 mg qid | |
Morphine | 2-20 mg qid | |
Enkephalinase inhibitors δ-receptor | Racecadotril | 1.5 mg/kg tid |
Adrenergic agonists | Clonidine | 0.1-0.3 mg tid |
Somatostatin analogue | Octreotide | 30-250 &mgr;g tid |
Bile acids binding substances | Cholestyramine | 4-16 g/die |
Fibers | Psyllium | 10-20 g/die |
Table 2 Comparison of Racecadotril (100 mg tid) and Loperamide (1-6 mg/die) in the treatment of acute diarrhea in adults
Author, yr | Patients (n) | Study design | Time to resolution (h) | P |
Frexinos J, 1996 | 574 | d.b. randomized | 28.9 vs 26.8 | NS |
Vetel JM, 1999 | 147 | d.b. randomized | 14.9 vs 13.7 | NS |
Prado D, 2002 | 945 | s.b. randomized | 55 vs 55 | NS |
Wang HH, 2005 | 62 | s.b. randomized | 19 vs 13 | NS |
Table 3 TD risk according to country and destination
Country of origin | Country of destination (%) | ||
Low | Average | High | |
Low | 2-4 | 10-20 | 20-40 |
Average | 2-4 | Indeterminate | 901 |
High | 2-4 | ND | 8-18 |
Table 4 Food risk scale
Low risk (increasing) | High risk (decreasing) |
Coffee, tea (served hot) | Puddings (> with unbaked creams) |
Foods served at > 60°C | Tap water, ice |
Fruit peeled by consumer | Cooked shellfish |
Freshly-squeezed fruit | Cheese |
Soft drinks in general | Cold collation |
Bread | Spicy sauces |
Bottled mineral water | Salads and raw vegetables |
Butter | Milk |
- Citation: Baldi F, Bianco MA, Nardone G, Pilotto A, Zamparo E. Focus on acute diarrhoeal disease. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(27): 3341-3348
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v15/i27/3341.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.15.3341